Grammar Info

N2 Lesson 2: 10/24

の下(もと)で

Under, Under the supervision of, On the basis of

Structure

Noun + のもとで(1)

(1) もとに、もと

Details

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    Formal

  • 使用域

    硬い

About の下で

When the noun 下(もと) 'underneath' is combined with either of the case marking particles で or に, it will indicate that something is happening either under the influence, guidance, or basis of (A). (A) will be a noun that is connected to 下(もと)で or に through the case-marking particle の.
In this grammar structure, (A) may mark either a specific person or some situation equally as naturally.
  • こんな厳(きび)しい環境(かんきょう)の下(もと)で試料(しりょう)を採取(さいしゅ)できたのは皆(みな)様(さま)のおかげです。
    Thanks to all of you, we were able to gather samples under such harsh conditions.
  • 先輩(せんぱい)の下(もと)で働(はたら)けて光栄(こうえい)です！
    It is my pleasure that I can work under you!
  • その行為(こうい)はこの法律(ほうりつ)の下(もと)で禁止(きんし)されています。
    That action is prohibited on the basis of this law.
Occasionally, に or で will be able to be omitted in preference of a comma directly after 下(もと). This expression is considered quite formal, and the omission of the particle in favor of a comma will make it sound even more formal.
  • 皆(みな)さんの協力(きょうりょく)の下(もと)、このプロジェクトを無事(ぶじ)に終(お)えることができました。皆(みな)さんありがとうございました。
    Under everyone's hard work, we were able to successfully complete this project. Thank you all.
  • 佐々木(ささき)先輩(せんぱい)のご指導(しどう)の下(もと)、企画書(きかくしょ)を作成(さくせい)しています。
    I am creating a proposal, on the basis of Sasaki-senpai's guidance.
Fun-fact - の下(もと)で may be replaced with 下(か) attached directly to many different nouns, and still carry the same meaning. Examples of these are 統治下(とうちか) 'under the reign', 指揮下(しきか) 'under the direction', 影響下(えいきょうか) 'under the influence', 占領下(せんりょうか) 'under the occupation', 支配下(しはいか) 'under the control', and others.
  • 沖縄(おきなわ)は1945年(ねん)から1972年(ねん)までアメリカの統治(とうち)下(か)であった。
    Okinawa was under the reign of America from 1945 to 1972.
  • その国(くに)は現在(げんざい)敵国(てきこく)の支配(しはい)下(か)にある。
    Currently, that country is under the control of our enemy.

Examples

  • ある金属(きんぞく)は一定(いってい)の状態(じょうたい)のもとに電気(でんき)抵抗(ていこう)が急(きゅう)にゼロになる。そういう超(ちょう)伝導(でんどう)物質(ぶっしつ)を英語(えいご)では「superconductors」と呼(よ)ばれている。

    The electrical resistance in certain metals suddenly falls to zero under specified conditions. Such super-conductive materials are called 'superconductors' in English.

  • ベジカと戦(たたか)うためにそんゴツウはカエ王様(おうさま)のもとで修行(しゅぎょう)した。

    In order to battle with Vegika, Songotsu trained under King Kae.

  • このエンジンは８０度(ど)以下(いか)という温度(おんど)の条件(じょうけん)のもとで少(すく)なくとも５万(まん)時間(じかん)は継続的(けいぞくてき)に稼働(かどう)できる。

    Under the condition that the temperature is lower than 80 degrees Celcius, this engine can operate non-stop for at least 50000 hours.

    温度条件下で would be read as おんどじょうけんかで.

  • 叔父(おじ)さんのもとで働(はたら)いた3年間(ねんかん)は、僕(ぼく)にとって宝物(たからもの)です。

    The three years that I worked under my uncle were special to me.

  • 火山(かざん)学者(がくしゃ)のもとで教(おし)えていただいた経験(けいけん)を活(い)かした仕事(しごと)がしたい。

    I want to work somewhere that makes use of the things that I learned under a volcanologist.

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