Infos sur Grammaire

N1 Leçon 6: 2/17

だに + しないNot even, Not at all, Never could have

Structure

Noun + だに + しない

Exceptions:
(ゆめ) + ()+ だに + (おも)わない

Détails

  • Niveau de langue

    Formal

À propos de だに + しない

だに is an adverbial particle that shares a similar meaning to さえ and すら 'even', but is more commonly found in classical literature. It will be paired with negative structures and presents 'minimum' or 'light' examples to which (A) does not apply, and therefore obviously also does not apply to anything greater than (A). It will be translated as 'not even (A), so not (B)', or 'not (B) at all'.

だに will be seen following nouns or noun-phrases.

Although だに often appears when the (B) part of a sentence is negative, だに itself is not limited to being used this way. When following verbs, and the (B) phrase is not negative, だに simply means 'just'. It is best to keep this in mind, as the core meaning of this adverbial particle will always be to mark the word or phrase before it as an extremely small amount or lower limit.

Caution

だに is only used in a very limited set of expressions in modern Japanese. Some example of these are (ゆめ)にだに 'even in a dream', 想像(そうぞう)するだに 'even in my imagination', (かんが)えるだに 'even to consider', ()くだに 'even hearing', 微動(びどう)だに 'even a quiver'.

Exemples

--:--

    そのカメレオンは外敵(がいてき)から()(かく)すために微動(びどう)だにしていません

    In order to hide itself from predators, that chameleon does not even slightly quiver.

    アニメのプロローグ、(かた)():「あのとき、(おれ)はあんな悲劇(ひげき)()()けていたなんて、(ゆめ)にだに(おも)わなかった。」

    Anime prologue, narrator: 'Back then, I couldn't have even dreamed that such a tragedy lay ahead.'

    小説(しょうせつ):「彼女(かのじょ)はソファーに(すわ)ったままで、まるで本物(ほんもの)人形(にんぎょう)のように微動(びどう)だにしない。」

    Novel: 'She remained seated on the sofa, just like a doll, not even moving an inch.'

    記事(きじ):「ビットコインがこれほどになるとは2009(にせんきゅう)(ねん)(はじ)めには(だれ)予想(よそう)だにしなかった。」

    Article: 'No one could have even predicted in early 2009 that bitcoin would come this far.'

    小説(しょうせつ):「(かれ)(こころ)(なか)にこんな暗闇(くらやみ)(かか)えていたなど、勇者(ゆうしゃ)夢想(むそう)だにしなかった。」

    Novel: 'The hero couldn't have even dreamed that he was carrying such darkness in his heart.'

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      だに + しない – Discussion Grammaire

      Réponses les plus récentes (3 au total)

      • brodric

        brodric

        Since にだに is used for 夢, can this also apply to 悪夢 (e.g. 悪夢にだにしなかった)? Or is this strictly a feature of 夢?

      • nminer

        nminer

        Wanted to follow up on @brodric 's question, since I had the same question when reading through the grammar point. @Fuga would you be able to answer this? Thanks!

      • Fuga

        Fuga

        Hey @brodric and @nminer !

        にだに would not work for 悪夢 and since it is not a set expression like 夢にだに, it sounds a bit unnatural!

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