以前 (JLPT N1)

À propos de 以前

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When used as a suffix, the noun 以前(いぜん) ‘preceding’, or ‘prior to’ will indicate that a topic is being brought forward as not even fulfilling the minimum requirements of (A), and therefore is expected to be reached before that minimum. Often, this will come across as ‘before even (A)’ in English, and is used to criticize something that is thoughtless or irresponsible.

以前(いぜん) will appear directly after another nouns, the dictionary form of verbs, い-Adjectives, or な-Adjectives. In most cases, 以前(いぜん) will be followed by either the case-marking particle に or の, depending on whether it is being linked to a subsequent verb or noun.

The word 以前(いぜん) itself is usually reserved for highlighting larger distances in the past than 前(まえ) ‘before’ by itself, and can therefore simply be thought of as an emphatic version of 前(まえ). This emphasis is often what gives rise to the tone of criticism. As it is stating that ‘way before (A), (B)’, or ‘long before you even think of (A), (B)’.

Exemples

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ポイ捨(す)ては法律(ほうりつ)いぜんの道義(どうぎ)的(てき)な問題(もんだい)だ。

When it comes to littering, before even the law, it is a moral issue.

彼(かれ)は、自分(じぶん)が女(おんな)の子(こ)にモテないのはファッションがださいからだと思(おも)ってる。それは事実(じじつ)だけど、それいぜんの問題(もんだい)として、彼(かれ)は性格(せいかく)に問題(もんだい)がある。

He believes that he is not popular with girls due to his bad fashion sense. While that is true, even before that, he has issues with his personality.

信(しん)じる信(しん)じないいぜんにもっと根本(こんぽん)的(てき)な問題(もんだい)なんだよ。先(ま)ずどうにか彼女(かのじょ)にこの事(こと)を伝(つた)えなきゃ。

Before whether she believes it or not, there is a more fundamental issue. To start, I must somehow convey this to her.

食(た)べずに「ブロッコリーが嫌(きら)い」という人(ひと)もいます。好(す)き嫌(きら)いいぜんに、食(た)べてみることが大事(だいじ)なのです。食(た)べた上(うえ)で、好(す)き嫌(きら)いはご自由(じゆう)に。

There are even people who say 'I don't like brocolli', without having eaten it. Before being nitpicky, what's important is to try it. Upon eating it, then feel free to be fussy.

パフォーマンスいぜんの問題(もんだい)で、基本(きほん)的(てき)な機能(きのう)を実装(じっそう)する必要(ひつよう)があります。

Preceding the performance issue, it is necessary to equip it with basic functionality.

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