Info Tata Bahasa

N1 Pelajaran 10: 19/22

こそすれ〜ないAnd certainly not, But certainly not, But, Although, Even though

Struktur

［する］Verb + こそすれ
Verb［stem］+ こそすれ

Rincian

  • Formal

Tentang こそすれ〜ない

Occasionally in Japanese, the adverbial particle こそ will be seen followed by the realis form (sometimes referred to as the perfective form) of verbs. This is a classical verb form that does not have a modern counterpart. However, the hypothetical form has largely replaced the realis form in the manner in conjugates.

The verbs that will be seen altered this way are する ‘to do’, なる ‘to become’, and ある ‘to be’. They will respectively become こそすれ, こそなれ, and こそあれ , and are used specifically for emphasis. Common translations include ‘certainly not (B), but (A)’, or ‘even though (B), actually (A)’. The (B) phrase in this grammar point will include a negative statement, and is usually something that the speaker is responding to or correcting about what another person mistakenly thought.

こそすれ may attach to either the noun part of する-Verbs, or the conjunctive form of standard verbs.

なれ and あれ will be used based on the standard rules of what type of word なる would usually appear with (a noun or adjective), and what type of word ある would usually appear with (a noun).

Caution

There are cases where the base verb will have been entered in some way, like by having the causative or the passive auxiliary verbs attached to them before the new base will be altered with こそする. So you will need to work out what verb stem is actually being used in any given sentence.

Contoh

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  • セキュリティ事故(じこ)は増(ふ)えこそすれ、減(へ)りはしないだろう。

    The security incidents will only increase, certainly not decrease.

  • 小説(しょうせつ)：「だが実際(じっさい)は、剣士(けんし)の復讐(ふくしゅう)心(しん)は火(ひ)の手(て)を強(つよ)めこそすれ、決(けっ)して冷(さ)めるどころではなかったのである。」

    Novel: 'In reality, however, the swordsman's blazing desire for vengeance was intensifying, and certainly not cooling down at all.'

  • 多(おお)くの人(ひと)にとって、その奇妙(きみょう)な現象(げんしょう)は驚(おどろ)きこそすれ、恐怖(きょうふ)を感(かん)じるほどではなかった。

    The strange phenomenon was surprising for many, and certainly not terrifying.

  • 魔法使(まほうつか)いへの恋情(れんじょう)は、強(つよ)めこそすれ弱(よわ)めるものではなかった。

    Her love for the sorcerer strengthened, and certainly didn't weaken.

  • 感謝(かんしゃ)こそすれ、憎(にく)しみを感(かん)じるなんてちゃんちゃらおかしいよ。

    I feel gratitude, certainly not something as ridiculous as hatred.

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    • Offline

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      こそすれ〜ない – Diskusi Tata Bahasa

      Balasan Terbaru (total 3)

      • Toldfinger1

        Toldfinger1

        I’ve tried reporting this via the report feature on the page but it has gone unanswered for 2 months. The explanation currently says the imperative form is used to contrast clauses but すれ is not an imperative form. This line should be removed.

        Edit: Has been updated now, thanks much.

      • Ktinjapan

        Ktinjapan

        The explanation for this grammar point is super confusing, and I wonder if the translations are really correct. Since it’s a realis form, wouldn’t a sentence like 多くの人にとって、その奇妙な現象は驚きこそすれ、恐怖を感じるほどではなかった。be translated as “certainly…not…” " The strange phenomenon was certainly surprising for many, but not terrifying."

        Bunpro’s translation was “and certainly not”: “The strange phenomenon was surprising for many, and certainly not terrifying.”

      • casual

        casual

        In my humble rephrasing of an online JP-JP dictionary (「こそすれ」の意味や使い方 わかりやすく解説 Weblio辞書):

        (A)を事実として認める。(B)は断じて否定する。

        This seems to align with Bunpro’s translation.

        I don’t understand what “realis form” means or implies (or the rest of Bunpro’s explanation really), but why would “certainly” refer to the first and not the second part?

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