お〜するI humbly do, I am obliged to do, Humble speech

使い方・接続

お + Verb［stem］+ する
ご⁽¹⁾ + する［Verb］ + する

⁽¹⁾ お, limited to ［する］Verbs like: 電話(でんわ)する、勉強(べんきょう)する、散歩(さんぽ)する

詳細

敬語

「お〜する」の情報

お〜する comes from a form of polite speech in Japanese called humble speech. This type of speech is used to refer to the speaker and their actions. This is opposed to honorific language, which refers exclusively to the listener and their actions. お〜する is almost exactly the same as お～になる, as in it simply means する.

お〜する is regularly used with words of Japanese origin, while ご～する will be used with words of Chinese origin. The する in this compound will attach directly to the ます stem of almost any verb.

Caution

While the する in this structure will attach directly to the ます stem of verbs, this does not mean that verbs that are already する verbs will become しする. In the case of する verbs, simply change the prefix to ご.

In rare cases, お may be used instead of ご, when attached to words of Chinese origin. There is no specific rule for this, and they must be memorized on a case by case basis.

Thankfully, the words of Chinese origin that use お instead of ご are extremely common verbs. This means that you will be exposed to almost all of them very quickly. All others may be assumed to use ご.

Fun Fact

In the same way that お～になる is a more common variation of なさる (both honorific language), お〜する is a more common variation of いたす (both humble speech).

例文

--:--

ドアをお閉(し)めします。

I (will) humbly close the door.

お任(まか)せします。

I will humbly leave it up to you.

先生(せんせい)の分(ぶん)もお取(と)りします。

I will humbly take the teacher's share.

あなたの分(ぶん)もお作(つく)りします。

I will also humbly make your share.

これを彼(かれ)にお渡(わた)ししてください。

Please humbly hand over this to him.

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オンライン
- Humble Form
  Tae Kim

オフライン
- [DBJG] A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar
  Page 42 & 360
- Genki II 2nd Edition
  Page 189
- Tae Kim's Japanese Grammar Guide
  Page 230
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「お〜する」に関する文法ディスカッション

最近の返信 (合計17件)

nekoyama
I also don’t like the keigo in those sentences.

お渡ししてください is translated as “please humbly hand…” so I guess it’s intentional, but I think if you are in a position to talk to someone like that then ください is out of place. To make the keigo match, it could be お渡ししなさい or お渡しください.

ご注文する時は I would just write ご注文の時は instead. の can get you out of a lot of keigo problems like that.

ご登録する方は is the same but constructions like ご登録をご希望の方は are common.
glideus
Also wondering the same as above
discopatrick
A general rule I use when thinking about sonkeigo vs kejyougo is that お tends to be used when talking about the actions of others. ~~In fact, this is written as a warning at the top of some of the BunPro sonkeigo cards, to not use お about yourself.~~ Correction - the warning says not to use honorific language on yourself, but does not say that the お is off limits!

However, this grammar point is an exception to my rule.

Can anyone help to explain why? Is this just a quirk of the Japanese language that I must commit to memory, or is there a logical reason why we use お here?

…hold the press… I think I just found the answer, and it’s written in the OP:

[Used when you humbly do something out of respect for someone]

So the お is attached to the action of the giver of respect, but it is there in honour of the receiver of the respect - so in that sense it still follows my rule: お is used for the other person.

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