文法の説明

N4 レッスン 7: 16/18

お〜するI humbly do, I am obliged to do, Humble speech

使い方・接続

お + Verb［stem］+ する
ご(1) + する［Verb］ + する

(1) お, limited to ［する］Verbs like: 電話(でんわ)する、勉強(べんきょう)する、散歩(さんぽ)する

詳細

  • 使用域

    敬語

「お〜する」の情報

お〜する comes from a form of polite speech in Japanese called humble speech. This type of speech is used to refer to the speaker and their actions. This is opposed to honorific language, which refers exclusively to the listener and their actions. お〜する is almost exactly the same as お～になる, as in it simply means する.

お〜する is regularly used with words of Japanese origin, while ご～する will be used with words of Chinese origin. The する in this compound will attach directly to the ます stem of almost any verb.

Caution

While the する in this structure will attach directly to the ます stem of verbs, this does not mean that verbs that are already する verbs will become しする. In the case of する verbs, simply change the prefix to ご.

In rare cases, お may be used instead of ご, when attached to words of Chinese origin. There is no specific rule for this, and they must be memorized on a case by case basis.

Thankfully, the words of Chinese origin that use お instead of ご are extremely common verbs. This means that you will be exposed to almost all of them very quickly. All others may be assumed to use ご.

Fun Fact

In the same way that お～になる is a more common variation of なさる (both honorific language), お〜する is a more common variation of いたす (both humble speech).

関連

例文

--:--

    ドアをお閉(し)めします。

    I (will) humbly close the door.

    お任(まか)せします。

    I will humbly leave it up to you.

    先生(せんせい)の分(ぶん)もお取(と)りします。

    I will humbly take the teacher's share.

    あなたの分(ぶん)もお作(つく)りします。

    I will also humbly make your share.

    これを彼(かれ)にお渡(わた)ししてください。

    Please humbly hand over this to him.

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  • オンライン

    • オフライン

        • [DBJG] A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar

          Page 42 & 360

        • Genki II 2nd Edition

          Page 189

        • Tae Kim's Japanese Grammar Guide

          Page 230

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      「お〜する」に関する文法ディスカッション

      最近の返信 (合計15件)

      • Pushindawood

        Pushindawood

        I humbly do, I am obliged to do

        Structure

        • お + verb[stem] + する
        • お / ご + するVerb* + する

        [Used when you humbly do something out of respect for someone]
        Examples of するverbs: 電話する→お電話する；案内する →ご案内する etc

        View on Bunpro

      • d11

        d11

        Today I got the sentence that was supposed to be completed as

        あの会社にお勤めしています

        I tried

        あの会社に勤めております

        because Genki said that います → おります was how to make sentences like this humble. This was marked incorrect.

        Was my answer incorrect? If so, could folks educate me on the differences?

      • mrnoone

        mrnoone

        Hey

        Actually,

        あの会社に勤めております

        is the grammatically correct answer. Because ている should be changed into ておる in humble speech.

        あの会社に お勤めしています

        Is sometimes used, but is not entirely correct.
        I have rewritten the example.

        Thank you for spotting it and sorry for the inconvenience

      • s1212z

        s1212z

        Are there plans to add separate ておる examples or modify within お〜する?

      • mrnoone

        mrnoone

        Yes, there are plans to revamp whole honorific/humble section and make it a bit more comprehensive

        Cheers,

      • Ambo100

        Ambo100

        So, it seems like the majority of example sentences for お〜する actually use the polite ます form which would make sense given this grammar point is for humble speech.

        However, I wonder what cases would it be appropriate to use the non-polite form with お〜?

      • e-e

        e-e

        I’m having a very hard time determining when to use お〜する vs お/ご〜いたす. For example, in the review:
        明日あした、サカモト先生せんせいにおでんわします。
        the prompt is " I will humbly call Sakamoto-sensei tomorrow". In the grammar description, it says that 〜いたす is the even more humble version of お〜する, but the reviews don’t seem to make much distinction between the level of “humbleness” in the prompts.

      • owlhoods

        owlhoods

        Whenever I get the sentence これを彼かれにお渡わたししてください I mistake it for the お～ください grammar point and write お渡しください, getting marked wrong. I can’t quite figure out what the difference is here.

      • Daru

        Daru

        お渡ししてください is using the お～する (this lesson’s structure) up until the して。By adding ください it becomes the てください Grammar Point I’m sure you know.

        お渡しください is closer to お～願います since it’s not using する.

        In short, it’s not that they don’t wind up meaning the same thing (in fact they do!), it’s mostly the Review asking you to specifically answer お～する.

        Hope this helps!

      • LarsVegas

        LarsVegas

        The grammar point states お~する is more commonly used than いたす. Which to my understanding makes them equivalent. What makes いたす “over the top”?
        For example, it said
        あなたの分もお作いたします。
        is “over the top”.
        あなたの分もお作りします。
        is the correct answer.

        If it says いたします is “over the top”, I know to switch to お~する. But I want to understand the reasoning behind it.
        Should I by default answer with お~する and switch, when it tells me otherwise or is there a structure that I should notice, when to use いたす?

      • Yumari-1

        Yumari-1

      • IcyIceBear

        IcyIceBear

        します is the polite conjugation for する, which being the whole point of お〜する is humble politeness, they would all end in します. Daru was just explaining that the questions are testing for お〜する and not お〜ください (even though they are synonyms). Not that every sentence will end in する specifically, since you still have to conjugate the grammar point into the appropriate politeness level. You say it takes いたす、but that’s because it’s already more polite in itself, so the ます ending isn’t entirely necessary. So I’m not sure if there’s a question here …?

        Objectively, this works here because つもり needs plain form before it....

      • brianmik

        brianmik

        I had a different question about the お渡ししてください construction:

        The entire phrase is これを彼にお渡ししてください.

        Since this is humble speech, meant to talk about oneself (and one’s in-group), does this mean that the “him” is the third person that you’re being polite toward, and the actual listener (the person who’s supposed to give him “this”) is in the same group (i.e., family member) as the speaker?

        Basically, I can’t understand why this humble speech pattern is used when asking someone else to do something…

      • MakroneBiest997

        MakroneBiest997

        I have pretty much the same question as Brian, just regarding these example sentences:

        ご注文する時はこちらのベルを押してください。

        And

        ご登録する方はこちらをクリックしてください。

        It seems to me that humble speech is misplaced here, since it is refering to someone elses actions.

        But as usual I’m probably just missing something kinda obvious.

        I would gladly appreciate some clarification regarding these examples, if possible.

      • ThiagoIanuch

        ThiagoIanuch

        I also have this same question

      • nekoyama

        nekoyama

        I also don’t like the keigo in those sentences.

        お渡ししてください is translated as “please humbly hand…” so I guess it’s intentional, but I think if you are in a position to talk to someone like that then ください is out of place. To make the keigo match, it could be お渡ししなさい or お渡しください.

        ご注文する時は I would just write ご注文の時は instead. の can get you out of a lot of keigo problems like that.

        ご登録する方は is the same but constructions like ご登録をご希望の方は are common.

      「お〜する」について質問がありますか？ 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう！

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