かい (日本語能力試験 N4)

「かい」の情報

The sentence ending particle かい is a grammar structure that is used in Japanese to highlight a question. Despite commonly being thought of as one word, it is actually the combination of か (the sentence-ending particle) and い, another sentence-ending particle that is primarily used by men (in a similar way to ね and よ).
かい will usually be used directly after the word/phrase that it is highlighting. In the case of verbs and い-Adjectives, の may be inserted before かい. For な-Adjectives and nouns, なの may be inserted directly before it. However, の (or なの) are frequently omitted, due to how casual かい is.

このドーナッツを食(た)べたいのかい？
Do you want to eat this donut?
このおもちゃが欲(ほ)しいのかい？
Do you want this toy?
彼女(かのじょ)は綺麗(きれい)なのかい？
Is your girlfriend pretty?
彼(かれ)はいい人(ひと)なのかい?
Is he a good person?

When it is not omitted, の (or なの) may be shortened to ん (or なん）. This is in the same way that の and なの would behave in the のです and なのです grammar structures.

お前(まえ)も一緒(いっしょ)に行(い)きたいんかい？
Do you also want to come with me?
大学生(だいがくせい)なんかい。中学生(ちゅうがくせい)だと思(おも)った。
You are a college student? I thought you were a middle schooler.

Although there are some exceptions, かい will almost always be used to ask simple yes/no questions.

勉強(べんきょう)してるのかい？
Are you studying?

Caution

Because かい is very casual, and quite direct, it often sounds like an accusation. Due to this, care should be taken with your tone of voice, so as not to be taken the wrong way.

また鍵(かぎ)をなくしたんかい。
You lost your keys again, didn't you?

Fun Fact

Outside of かい, the sentence ending particle い is not commonly used in modern Japanese, and therefore will only appear in a few very specific structures (like だい). Despite being similar to ね, い is considered to be fairly ぞんざい 'rough', and should only be used with people that you are very familiar with, and never to someone above you.

同義語

か
Question marking particle
未学習

例文

本当(ほんとう)に行(い)きたいのかい？
Do you really want to go?
これだけで十分(じゅうぶん)なのかい？
Is just this enough?
その帽子(ぼうし)を被(かぶ)って行(い)くのかい？
Are you really going to go wearing that hat?
どうしたの？恥(は)ずかしいのかい？
What's wrong? Are you embarrassed?
この番組(ばんぐみ)を見(み)たくないのかい？
You don't want to watch this TV program?
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「かい」に関する文法ディスカッション

最近の返信 (合計5件)

Johnathan-Weir
かい is often discussed in conjunction with だい as masculine question markers. Are there any plans to add だい to this grammar point or have one of it’s own?
mrnoone
@Johnathan-Weir Of course it is in plans
motiyuki
Hi all!

When after a noun or na-adjective, would contracting …なのかい？ to …なんかい？ be correct, in the same way that …なのだ can be contracted to …なんだ in casual speech?

(Last time I checked, …なんかい wasn’t accepted by Bunpro - not sure about now)