文法の説明

N5 レッスン 1: 11/12

な-AdjectiveAdjectives that are also nouns

Some な-Adjectives can end in い

使い方・接続

［な］Adjective + だ
［な］Adjective + な + Noun

詳細

  • 品詞

    名詞

  • 単語の種類

    形容動詞

  • 使用域

    一般

「な-Adjectives」の情報

In Japanese, the vast majority of な-Adjectives are originally nouns, and differ from nouns only in that they have their own set of conjugation rules. The dictionary form of a な-Adjective will always be followed by だ. な is only attached when describing another noun.

As we can see from these examples, だ or です is required at the end of a sentence, but な will be required when using a な-Adjective to describe a noun.

な-Adjectives are mostly words of foreign (Chinese/English) origin. This is why they have evolved to require unique conjugation rules.

Fun Fact

As a learner, it can be very difficult to identify what a な-Adjective is, compared to a regular noun. Nouns conjugate with の, while な-Adjectives conjugate with な. A very simple trick that Japanese children learn is using the adverb とても 'very'. If とても sounds natural with a word, then it is probably a な-Adjective, if it sounds unnatural, then the word is likely to be a regular noun.

  • とても綺麗(きれい)。 (Natural Japanese)
    Very pretty.
  • とても外(そと)。 (Unnatural Japanese)
    Very outside.

From this example, we can see that とても can be used to help identify な-Adjectives. Basically, this is due to adjectives being measurable 'very big', 'very small', while nouns are not measurable 'very dog', 'very boat'.

例文

--:--

    綺麗(きれい)な絵(え)。

    A pretty painting.

    綺麗(きれい)な女(おんな)の人(ひと)。

    A pretty woman.

    暇(ひま)な一日(いちにち)。

    A free day.

    静(しず)かな部屋(へや)。

    A quiet room.

    あれは綺麗(きれい)です。

    That over there is beautiful.

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      「な-Adjectives」に関する文法ディスカッション

      最近の返信 (合計11件)

      • gyroninja

        gyroninja

        Andulien’s perspective of there always being a な is a nonstandard way of analyzing things. You could similarly say there is always a だ after な adjectives except in cases where there isn’t and that would be just as valid as his view.

        The standard way to look at it is that you just have the な adjective and then you add stuff based off how you use it.

      • Superpnut

        Superpnut

        But he didn’t say there is always a な except when there isn’t…
        All he said is that there isn’t a な when the adjective is next to a verb.
        And I was showing appreciation because I was trying to figure out why there wasn’t a な
        Anyways it doesn’t matter I have some more basic grammar points to struggle to understand

      • gyroninja

        gyroninja

        If you read his posts you can see he used words like “left off” and “omit.” And in the way he compares な adjectives to い adjectives, he makes me think that he believed that な adjectives have a な at the end of them.

        As mentioned earlier in the thread if you want to use a な adjective on a verb you need to use に after the な adjective instead of な.

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