文法の説明

N5 レッスン 1: 11/12

な-AdjectiveAdjectives that are also nouns

Some な-Adjectives can end in い

使い方・接続

［な］Adjective + だ
［な］Adjective + な + Noun

詳細

  • 名詞

  • 形容動詞

  • 一般

「な-Adjectives」の情報

In Japanese, the vast majority of な-Adjectives are originally nouns, and differ from nouns only in that they have their own set of conjugation rules. The dictionary form of a な-Adjective will always be followed by だ. な is only attached when describing another noun.

As we can see from these examples, だ or です is required at the end of a sentence, but な will be required when using a な-Adjective to describe a noun.

な-Adjectives are mostly words of foreign (Chinese/English) origin. This is why they have evolved to require unique conjugation rules.

Fun Fact

As a learner, it can be very difficult to identify what a な-Adjective is, compared to a regular noun. Nouns conjugate with の, while な-Adjectives conjugate with な. A very simple trick that Japanese children learn is using the adverb とても 'very'. If とても sounds natural with a word, then it is probably a な-Adjective, if it sounds unnatural, then the word is likely to be a regular noun.

From this example, we can see that とても can be used to help identify な-Adjectives. Basically, this is due to adjectives being measurable 'very big', 'very small', while nouns are not measurable 'very dog', 'very boat'.

関連

その他

例文

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  • 綺麗(きれい)な絵(え)。

    A pretty painting.

  • 綺麗(きれい)な女(おんな)の人(ひと)。

    A pretty woman.

  • 暇(ひま)な一日(いちにち)。

    A free day.

  • 静(しず)かな部屋(へや)。

    A quiet room.

  • あれは綺麗(きれい)です。

    That over there is beautiful.

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「な-Adjectives」に関する文法ディスカッション

最近の返信 (合計13件)

  • gyroninja

    gyroninja

    If you read his posts you can see he used words like “left off” and “omit.” And in the way he compares な adjectives to い adjectives, he makes me think that he believed that な adjectives have a な at the end of them.

    As mentioned earlier in the thread if you want to use a な adjective on a verb you need to use に after the な adjective instead of な.

  • Leam_Atrum

    Leam_Atrum

    I think it’s very confusing for French.
    My 2 cents to change the french illustrations so that it’s clearer.

    Adjectif : “adorable” = 大好き

    魚は大好きだ > Les poissons sont adorables > on ajoute la particule da (être) à la fin
    大好きな魚です > C’est un poisson adorable > on ajoute na tout de suite après l’adjectif, et on conjugue normalement avec desu.

  • gpressutto5

    gpressutto5

    When doing bunpro reviews, how do I know if I should add い or な to a word? I always get them wrong and get this message:

    This is an な-Adjective, so will not be followed by い.

    I read people saying い adjectives always end in い, but that didn’t really work for reviews. When I got this い adjective question, for example:

    それは、_____。(高～)
    A type of word which has a similar conjugation pattern to verbs.

    How am I supposed to know if the correct answer is 高い instead of 高な?

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