文法の説明

N4 レッスン 5: 15/23

()Completely, Exactly, Right

使い方・接続

(っ) + [い]Adjective[
(っ) + Noun

+ ま(*)・な(*):
(なか)(まえ)(まる)

+ か(*)・さ(*)・しゃ(*):
黄色(きいろ)(しろ)(さき)正直(しょうじき)

+ は(*)(**):
だか

Exceptions:
あおい →
あかい →

(*) column in the kana chart
(**) H sound becomes P sound

詳細

  • 一般

「真(っ)」の情報

The prefix ま, coming from the kanji () (true), is attached to words in Japanese to express that something is 'completely', 'exactly', 'genuinely' (A). Depending on the word that follows (), several different conjugation patterns will be used. This conjugation depends on which column the first kana of the word after ()comes from. ま comes from the ま, み, む, め, も column, for example.

When linked with a ま column, or な column word, () will become ()ん.

When linked with a か column, さ column, or しゃ sound word, () will become ()っ.

When linked with a は column, () will become ()っ, and the first kana of the following word will change to a 'P' sound.

Caution

There are several exceptions to the standard changes that happen when using () as a prefix. These are as follows.

When linked with (あお)い, () will become ()っ, and (あお)い will become (さお).

When linked with (あか)い, () will become ()っ, and (あか)い will become ().

単語 網羅率

このアイテムに記載されているすべての単語。

例文

--:--

  • (みち)()(なか)鹿(しか)がいた。

    There was a deer right in the middle of the road.

  • ()(まる)(えん)()ける(ひと)がいます

    Is there anyone who can draw an exact circle? (perfectly circular)

  • この道路(どうろ)()()()てください

    Please go (exactly) straight down this street.

  • (かれ)(たけ)(かたな)()(ぷた)()った

    He cut the bamboo right in two with a sword.

  • (きゅう)()ったから()(まえ)()(くら)になってしまった。

    Because I stood up suddenly, everything went completely black.

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        • Tobira

          Page 144

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      「真(っ)」に関する文法ディスカッション

      最近の返信 (合計15件)

      • Enerccio

        Enerccio

        Why is this considered a grammar point? With how many exceptions and weird changes like まっさお 真っ青 you might just as well learn those as separate vocabulary words…

      • byrd9999

        byrd9999

        It takes a little while to get my head around all the different circumstances with this one.

        But I have a question about this example sentence:

        この猫は真ん丸でかわいい。

        I am wondering why it is “manmaru-de” and not “manmaru-kute” ?

        The Bunpro entry says near the start that i-adjectives drop the i from the end, but there is no further mention of this.

        Does this mean that ma-words all act as na-adjectives, even if the original word is an i-adjective?

        A previous post above mine from @Sidgr seems to suggest this (in relation to ku/ni naru), but there’s been no follow-up and I’d like some clarification

        The resource link to Maggie Sensei also doesn’t mention anything about this.

      • Sidgr

        Sidgr

        Dude who knows what I was cooking 3 years ago haha

      「真(っ)」について質問がありますか? 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう!

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