Estructura
Verb［る］+ や否や(1) + Phrase［た］
(1)や
Detalles
Formal
Acerca de や否や
や否や, like か否か, is a grammar pattern that makes use of 否 'no', an interjection. However, unlike the pairing with the adverbial particle か 'or' when stating 'whether or not (A)', the pairing of 否 with や in its role as a conjunction particle has the meaning of 'as soon as (A)', or 'no sooner than (A)'. Remembering that や simply highlights the word before it is not being limited to that, the literal meaning of や否や is 'at a point when neither (A) or not (A) could be determined, (B)'.
や否や will be used after verbs in their dictionary form.
や否や is a formal expression that will generally be used when (B) is something that happens spontaneously, or is surprising.
Caution
As や itself carries the 'not limited to' meaning, it is also possible to see this structure with the 否や part omitted. In these situations, the meaning will not change at all. や in this case behaves similarly to か when presenting a question in the middle of a sentence, and sounds like 'when not certain that (A), (B)'.
Ejemplos
--:--
教室に着くや否やランドセルを机に置いた。
I put my backpack on the desk as soon as I arrived at the classroom.
１２時を回るや否やすぐに誕生日のメッセージを送ってくれたのは、お母さんだった。
The person who sent me a birthday message the minute it came around to midnight was my mother.
小説：「彼があくびをするや否や彼女もあくびが出てしまった。」
Novel: 'As soon as he has yawned, the girl also yawned.'
記事： 「警察官に気が付くや否や急に走り出した。」
Article: 'As soon as he noticed the policeman, he suddenly started to run.'
小説：「焼き立てのパンが皿に出てくるや否やすぐに彼の口の中に消えた。」
Novel: 'As soon as the freshly baked bread appeared on the plate, it immediately disappeared in his mouth.'
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