がある + (Noun)Noun (B) that has Noun (A), Noun (B) with Noun (A)

使い方・接続

Noun + がある
⁽¹⁾ + Noun

⁽¹⁾ のある

詳細

品詞
表現
単語の種類
名詞
使用域
一般

「がある + Noun」の情報

In this expression, がある has the role of describing the noun that follows it. The description that it is giving is '(A) がある (B)' = '(B) has/with (A)'. This type of phrase is called a relative clause (something that describes a noun), and behaves similarly to an adjective.

ピアノがあるレストラン。
A restaurant with a piano.
コンビニがあるビル。
A building that has a convenience store.

In English, a relative clause would require a pronoun such as 'who' 誰(だれ), 'which' どれ, 'that' それ・あれ, 'where' どこ. However, these types of words are not required in Japanese, and the noun will follow がある directly.

Caution

In a relative clause, because (A) is describing (B), (B) will be considered the 'main topic/subject'. This means that は will generally not be used in place of が. However, の can be used instead of が, as showing a relationship between (A) and (B) is one of the main functions of の.

漫画(まんが)はある本屋(ほんや)。
A book store that... well... it has manga. (Unnatural Japanese, unless you're making the point that there is something else that this bookstore doesn't have. This is an advanced use of は)
綺麗(きれい)な川(かわ)のある山(やま)。
A mountain with a beautiful river. (Natural Japanese, but less common than が)

例文

--:--

ベッドがある部屋(へや)。

A room that has a bed.

たくさん休(やす)みがある５(ご)月(がつ)が好(す)き。

I like the month of May with its many holidays.

綺麗(きれい)な池(いけ)がある公園(こうえん)。

A park with a beautiful pond.

家(いえ)がある人(ひと)。

People who have a house.

冷蔵庫(れいぞうこ)がある台所(だいどころ)。

A kitchen with a refrigerator.

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オンライン
- Grammar: Qualifying/Modifying Nouns
  NihonOnTheGo
- Treating verbs and state-of-being like adjectives
  Tae Kim

オフライン
- [DBJG] A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar
  Page 376 - Relative Clause
- Tae Kim's Japanese Grammar Guide
  Page 63
- みんなの日本語 I
  Page 62 [CH 9]
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「がある + Noun」に関する文法ディスカッション

最近の返信 (合計22件)

Jake
Noun that has the quality of ~, with ~
Structure
- ～がある + Noun
[noun that has the quality of ～]

View on Bunpro
Anthropos888
Is there a difference between がある and のある or can I use both? Examples:

とても価値のある話を聞いたよ。

彼は能力のある社員です。

質問のある方はどうぞ。

豆腐は栄養のある食べ物です。
seanblue
It’s common for が to change to の in subclauses. I’m having trouble finding a grammar page to support that though.
Anthropos888
Yes, actually I’m finding more examples with のある than with がある.

Maybe @mrnoone should add this form to the structure.
mrnoone
@Anthropos888 @seanblue

First of all in subordinate clauses subject is marked by が, the topic particle は is not used(except as は contrast particle).
In a kind of subordinate clauses called relative clauses used to modify a noun(to tell more about it) が can be changed to の.
You can write it that way to point out that the subject is from the relative clause, not from the main clause. Like a marker.

Example:
誰かがあなたの忘れ物を見つけたの？
この人が「親の残した」形見を見つけてくれた。

Has someone found your lost property?
This person has found a keepsake my parents left behind.

By seeing the “の” you know that 親の残した is modifying the noun.
seanblue

Anthropos888:

Maybe @mrnoone should add this form to the structure

Or perhaps it should be its own grammar point somewhere?
seanblue

Jake:

noun that has the quality of ～

Hey @mrnoone, what does this mean? I usually interpret ~ as “approximately” or “around”, like ~50 would mean “about 50”. Obviously that’s not the meaning here, so I have no idea what it’s supposed to mean.

On second look, it looks like you’re making a callback to the grammar structure, which says ～がある + Noun, but obviously I can’t see that during reviews so it’s very confusing.
mrnoone
“A property or an attribute that differentiates a thing or person.”

I wrote more detailed explanation, since we don’t have relative clause/modifying nouns section yet.

d11

Is this the right place to report bugs? On my screen it shows at the bottom

[AがあるB - B that has A/B with A <br /> Example: [障害がある]人 - person [that has an injury]・person [with injury]・[injured] person<br /> the phrase [Aがある] modifies(qualifies) the noun B([Aがある] therefore becomes RELATIVE CLAUSE), or in other words describes the noun, similar to the adjectives creating one bigger noun. Since in Japanese there are no relative pronouns (that, which etc), the phrase simply directly precedes the noun(also like an adjective) that is modified. <br /> Relative clauses have some rules:<br /> 1.topic particle は cannot be used<br /> 2.subject particle が can be changed to particle の(this in a sense marks relative clause)

i.e. the HTML is unescaped and the Japanese phrases are all bracketed.

mrnoone
Hey

You can report bugs here:

Feedback - Bug Reports Bunpro

The ‘Stu...
d11
Yeah, this was in study mode. Thanks for the pointer; will use that in the future!
mrnoone
Then it is a bug we are aware of, the team is working on it
mrnoone
It has been fixed, forgot to notify you about it
Solista
What does it mean by “The subject marker が can be replaced with の (this marks a relative clause)” and when can I replace が with の?
nk121
FYI, this grammar point is not in Minna No Nihongo I - chapter 9 as this lesson claims.
whinette
Neither in DBJG, it points to ある but not with this construction (I couldn’t find it in the book too). @Jake
mrnoone
@mweibel
Hey

This is not exactly about ある, but in DBJG, on page 376 you have an explanation of the relative clauses in Japanese, がある + Noun is a case of that.

Cheers

PS
The monogatari series <3
smearedink
CosmicGuest
Why is があります incorrect? As in ベッドがあります部屋。
machinaeZER0
Question/confusion regarding the example I was quizzed on here: