文法の説明

N5 レッスン 3: 9/13

このThis

使い方・接続

この + (Near The Speaker) Noun

詳細

  • 品詞

    連体詞

  • 単語の種類

    自立語

  • 使用域

    一般

「この」の情報

この is classified as a 'pre-noun adjectival' in Japanese. These are a special type of word that do not conjugate. This means that they will always appear in the same form. この comes from the same family of words as これ and ここ, and is used to identify a 'thing' that is near the speaker.

As the name 'pre-noun adjectival' suggests, these words will always appear before a noun, and describe that noun in some way.

例文

--:--

    この(ほん)いいです

    This book is good.

    このケーキ(おお)きいです

    This cake is big.

    この写真(しゃしん)(わたし)のです

    This picture is mine.

    この(いぬ)(わたし)(いぬ)です

    This dog is my dog.

    この動物(どうぶつ)(ねこ)です

    This animal is a cat.

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        • Genki I

          Page 35

        • Genki I 2nd Edition

          Page 63

        • みんなの日本語 I

          Page 20 [CH 2]

        • みんなの日本語 II

          Page 78 [CH 37]

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      「この」に関する文法ディスカッション

      最近の返信 (合計12件)

      • Jake

        Jake

        this

        Structure
        この + Noun
        Noun near the speaker

        View on Bunpro

      • amelcr2

        amelcr2

        In which situations would you use ここの instead of この? I can understand if you are using の as a possessive particle like the example sentence:
        ここ の食たべ物ものは不味まずいです。
        This place 's food isn’t good.

        But why wouldn’t you use この in this example sentence:
        ここ の店みせは美味おいしいですか。
        Is this store/restaurant delicious?

        When would you use そこの, あそこの, and どこの?

      • s1212z

        s1212z

        I think it’s the English translation phrasing feels a bit awkward and I would use the orange box as a rephrasing guideline. Part of it is Japanese giving redundancy of “here” and specified place (store) that makes it a little goofy on a literal translations.

        I hear “The food here isn’t that good”. It’s easier to say and more concise while adhering to using “here” for ここ. I also hear "this place’s food (here) isn’t that good.

      • amelcr2

        amelcr2

        This makes more sense, thank you!

      • SilverGoffer

        SilverGoffer

        I wish the tips for this item included “has to be followed by a noun”, as well as the rest of the Xの items.

      • Pushindawood

        Pushindawood

        @SilverGoffer Thank you for your suggestion! I have updated the structures for all “Xの” items as well as the hints/warnings displayed to include this information. Cheers!

      • Eloeri

        Eloeri

        image.png1469×287 10.9 KB

        I feel this should...

      • MoonlitClaire

        MoonlitClaire

        I have a slightly different question than above…

        What is the difference between this example:
        このケーキは大きいです。
        and this alternative (assuming I wrote this sentence correctly…):
        これは大きなケーキです。

        I think the former is “this cake is big” and the latter is “this is a big cake” but I’m not sure if one is more correct than the other, or if it’s just two ways to say the same thing.

      • BionicZebra

        BionicZebra

        They’re equivalent as far as I can tell. Except 大きい is an いadjective. So do not use な. な is for nouns only (な adjectives are actually nouns)

      • FredKore

        FredKore

        Actually it’s okay. 大きい and 小さい are odd in that they can also be used as 大きな and 小さな. (Although I think the な variant is more common when spoken.)

      • FredKore

        FredKore

        Your translations are correct. Just like in English, they are different sentences emphasizing different parts.

        What do you have there?
        This is a big cake.
        (“This cake is big” doesn’t make sense here)

        What do you think of that cake?
        This cake is big.
        (“This is a big cake” could work too.)

      • BionicZebra

        BionicZebra

        Interesting. Thanks!

      • MoonlitClaire

        MoonlitClaire

        Thanks for the help everyone, very much appreciated!

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