使い方・接続
Verb[ない]+ ぬ
Verb[ない]+ ぬ + Noun
Exceptions:
する → せぬ
くる → こぬ
いる → おらぬ
詳細
使用域
Standard
使用域
一般
「ぬ」の情報
ぬ is the attributive form of ず, a classical auxiliary verb that is used for negation like ない, and connects to verbs in the same way.
As ぬ is the attributive form of ず, it may be seen modifying nouns that directly follow it. However, this use is not common in modern times, and in many cases it will be used as part of set expressions that have not changed in the time since ない became the far more widely used structure for negation. Alternatively, it may just be used for artistic expression, or to make a character seem 'classical'.
As ぬ is the attributive form of ず, it may be seen modifying nouns that directly follow it. However, this use is not common in modern times, and in many cases it will be used as part of set expressions that have not changed in the time since ない became the far more widely used structure for negation. Alternatively, it may just be used for artistic expression, or to make a character seem 'classical'.
- こんなに狭い道は通れぬ。I cannot pass a road this narrow.
- なんだこの飯は!こんなまずそうなものは口に入れぬ!What is this food? I will not put this disgusting thing in my mouth!
- 貴様みたいなものには、わしなど殺せぬ。I cannot be killed by someone like you.
- 鈴木殿はここにはおらぬ。Suzuki-dono is not here.
- あの方は人を傷つけるようなことはせぬ。That person would never do anything to hurt anyone.
- 婆さんが川から帰ってこぬ。My wife won't come back from the river.
例文
「隅に置けぬ人」というのは「侮れない人」ということなのだ。
'Sumi ni okenu hito' means 'a person who cannot be taken lightly'.
こちらでは性による差別は許可されておらぬ。
Sex discrimination is not permitted here.
「愚か者、男には殺せぬのだ。」
'Fool, no man can kill me.'
言うまでもないことだが、知人に対して素知らぬふりをするのは失礼である。
Needless to say, pretending not to know acquaintances is rude.
素知らぬ means 'to feign or pretend not to know'.
上司は部下が向上できるように、至らぬ点を教えてあげるべきだ。
A superior should tell his/her subordinates where they fall short so that they can improve.
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オンライン
Classical negative verbs
Tae Kim
ず vs. ぬ
Japanese StackExchange
浮かぬ顔
Japanese Naturally... By Mizue Sasaki
オフライン
Tobira
Page 260
Tae Kim's Japanese Grammar Guide
Page 282
A Handbook of Japanese Grammar Patterns
Page 493
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「ぬ」に関する文法ディスカッション
最近の返信 (合計4件)
nekoyama
There is a grammar point for ずに.
s1212z
There are ~12 V-ず grammar points right now and most are adverbial v-ずに while ぬ is a modifier as an archaic ない. I didn’t see anything that was interchangeable between these two, was there a specific usage that hasn’t been covered yet for ず?
Ambo100
ずに looks like the most relevant one I think, I’ll have a look at that.
「ぬ」について質問がありますか? 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう!
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