使い方・接続
Examples:
[る¹]Verb → 見る + させられる
[す]Verb → 話す + させられる
[る⁵]Verb → 座る + らせられる
座る + らされる
[う]Verb → 歌う + わせられる
歌う + 歌わされる
[く]Verb → 歩く + かせられる
歩く + 歩かされる
[つ]Verb → 打つ + たせられる
打つ + 打たされる
[ぬ]Verb → 死ぬ + なせられる
死ぬ + 死なされる
[ぶ]Verb → 飛ぶ + ばせられる
飛ぶ + 飛ばされる
[む]Verb → 休む + ませられる
休む + 休まされる
[ぐ]Verb → 泳ぐ + がせられる
泳ぐ + 泳がされる
Exceptions:
する → させられる
くる → こさせられる
詳細
使用域
Standard
使用域
一般
「Causative-Passive」の情報
When the auxiliary verb せる (or させる) 'to make/let do' is combined with the auxiliary verb られる 'to be the receiver of', it creates the causative-passive form of verbs in Japanese. These sentences will be from the perspective of the person who has 'been made to do' something, and are very often negative (against the will of the speaker).
First, verbs must be conjugated in the same way that they would be with せる, or させる. After that simply remove the る, and then add られる. This will create the verb form させられる (linked with る-Verbs), or せられる (linked with う-Verbs).
First, verbs must be conjugated in the same way that they would be with せる, or させる. After that simply remove the る, and then add られる. This will create the verb form させられる (linked with る-Verbs), or せられる (linked with う-Verbs).
- おばあちゃんの家に行くとお腹がいっぱいでもいっぱい食べさせられる。When I go to my grandma's house, she makes me eat a lot, even if I am full.
- そんな事させられるとは思わなかった。I didn't think that I would be forced to do something like that.
- 先輩に色んなお酒を飲ませられたから頭が痛い。Because my senpai made me drink all sorts of alcohol, my head hurts.
- 友達に冷たい水を浴びさせられるのが嫌いだ。I don't like it when my friend douses me with cold water.
- 上司に力仕事をさせられる。My boss forces me to do physical labor.
- 友達に知らないバンドのコンサートに連れてこさせられる。My friend forced me to go to the concert of a band that I do not know.
Caution
Unlike with causative verbs, where the actual doer of a sentence (marked with が) is considered to be the person who 'caused' the action, られる reverses the perspective. This makes the doer (marked with が) the person who is being 'forced' to do something. When the person that is 'causing' the action appears in a causative-passive sentence, they will be marked with に. - 子供の頃は兄が勉強をさせられていた。When we were still kids, my older brother was forced to study.
- 子供の頃は兄に勉強をさせられていた。When we were still children, my older brother forced me to study.
Caution
れる may not be used in place of られる in causative-passive sentences. This is because せる and させる both have せ (an え sound kana) at the point where they will connect with られる. This is a rule for all verbs with an え sound kana at their conjugation point (excluding the 'potential' use of れる and られる).同義語
例文
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お腹がいっぱいなのに、ケーキを食べさせられた。
I was forced to eat the cake even though I was full.
私は兄に宿題をさせられた。
I was forced to do homework by my older brother.
どんなことをさせられたの?
What kind of things were you forced to do?
嫌なことをさせられた。
I was made to do awful things.
あまり見たくない動画を見させられたのです。
I was forced to watch a video I didn't really want to watch.
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「Causative-Passive」に関する文法ディスカッション
最近の返信 (合計26件)
MakroneBiest997
I was wondering about this sentence too.
My answer was もし彼にそんなことをさせられるなら、別れるよ。
It was marked wrong, using なら. Since this question is about causativ-passiv I would have thought both should be permissible.
I was reading up both grammar points again and both are described as being hypothetical. How are we supposed to distinguish which one to pick?
Maybe there are some nuanced differences I haven’t picked up on yet, but in case there are,...
Fuga
Hey @MakroneBiest997 !
Although both なら and たら are both used for hypothetical situations, the nuance they have is different.
Since なら is an abbreviation of ならば, it would be used to make guesses about what ‘may’ happen, or what ‘could’ happen. This means that when a sentence uses なら, that situation is most likely just hypothetical and will not be used in statements about results that are produced through effort.
Because たら is sort more in the halfway point of ‘if’ and ‘when’, the situation it is referring to could be hypothetical or it may be presenting something that has happened in the past. Due to this nuance, たら is used for situations that have a high probability of happening.
In this sentence it is implied that whatever he did already happened, since the speaker is talking to the other person by putting them in the other person’s shoes, so using たら would sound more natural.
I hope this helps!
MakroneBiest997
Thank you so much for the clarification!
This helps indeed a lot. I’m sure I got it now!
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