Structure
Verb[stem]+ すぎる
[い]Adjective[い]+ すぎる
[な]Adjective + すぎる
Negative:
Verb[ない]+ なさ(1) + すぎる
[い]Adjective[く][ない] + なさ + すぎる
[な]Adjective + では(2)ない + なさ + すぎる
(1) な
(2) じゃ
Détails
Classe grammaticale
Verb
Type de mot
Independent Word
Niveau de langue
Standard
À propos de すぎる
すぎる is a verb that is used in Japanese to mean 'to exceed', or 'to go past'. It keeps this meaning when it is attached to other words, and creates the Japanese equivalent of saying that something is 'too much'. すぎる can be joined to the ます stem of verbs, the stem form of い-Adjectives (simply remove the い), or the stem form of な-Adjectives (simply remove the な).
With すぎる, the る is regularly omitted, with すぎ being used by itself. This is a casual language pattern, and something you will hear all the time. This variation may be used with any word that すぎる would usually be used with.
There are a few rules that you will need to be careful about when using すぎる. The first of these unique rules is using すぎる with ない. When linked to ない, the い changes to さ, creating the structure なさすぎる. This means 'too much not (A)', or more naturally in English 'not enough (A)'.
As with regular ない forms, では or じゃ will be required when used after な-Adjectives.
In the third example here, we can see that the さ has been omitted. This is technically not correct Japanese, but has become very common among young people, so it still sounds natural.
The second unique rule is when using すぎる with いい to mean 'too good'. Because すぎる is used with the stem form of い-Adjectives, you will need to remember that the stem form of いい is not actually い, but よ. This means that よすぎる would be correct, while いすぎる is not.
Caution
Because すぎる itself is a verb, it can also appear in the negative form, this confuses a lot of learners, and is something that needs to be practiced. Let's have a look at all of the ways that すぎる could possibly appear with ない.
Because the meaning is different in each one of these sentences, depending on where the ない is, and how many ない's there are, you may need to be careful while reading these, until it starts to feel natural.
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Exemples
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ここはゴミが多すぎる。
Il y a trop de déchets ici.
この寿司は美味しすぎる。
Ce sushi est trop délicieux.
その冗談は面白くなさすぎた。
Cette blague n'était pas du tout drôle. (Littéralement : Trop pas drôle)
いつも週末に寝すぎます。
Je dors toujours trop le week-end.
漢字を書きすぎたから、手が痛い。
Parce que j'ai trop écrit de kanjis, j'ai mal à la main.
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すぎる – Discussion Grammaire
Réponses les plus récentes (59 au total)
Alphaz
I only learned this grammar point today, but glad to see there’s so many posts in this discussion. I read the lesson and was certain this will be by far the hardest grammar point for me to learn. A lot of sentences with previous grammar felt natural, but here it just doesn’t make sense in my brain.
I guess with enough exposure things will work out, but this looks scary.Kattosan
彼はトイレに行かなさすぎない。
He doesn’t not go to the toilet enough. (A double negative that becomes positive)彼は = He
トイレに = To the toilet
行かな = to not go
さすぎない = to not be enoughSo this sentence would mean “He does go to the bathroom enough”? Since the assumption that the double negative made it positive.
Sorry if this question is dumb, but English is not my first language and seeing a double negative in Japanese kind of threw me off.
simias
I’m also not a native speaker of English and that is indeed a pretty weird example as far as I can tell. I can’t quite imagine when something like that would be said. But I do think that your interpretation is correct.
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