使い方・接続
［い］Adjective［い］+ がる
［な］Adjective + がる
詳細
使用域
一般
「がる」の情報
がる is a う-Verb that is primarily used as a suffix in Japanese. When used in this way, it means 'to act like (A)', or 'to show signs of being (A)', where (A) is the word that it is attached to.
To use がる, you will need to link it to the stem form of an い-Adjective (simply remove the い), or to the stem form of a な-Adjective (do not include the な).
がる is a verb which means 'to give the impression of (A)', or 'to act like (A)'. This is very important in Japanese, as you would not usually say how somebody else feels, unless they told you directly and you are simply repeating what you heard (in which case you would use the quotation particle と).
When you want to express the way you 'think' that someone else feels, but don't have any direct information about it, that is when がる would be natural to use. For example, if you see someone shivering in the cold, you would say something like the following.
The main difference between がる, and がっている, is that がる will be used when a person usually/always acts a certain way, whereas がっている is more about the way someone/something is acting in any specific moment.
Caution
がる may also be used to describe yourself (in the third person). This is when you want to express the way you think that you act/are acting, or a way you assume other people view your behavior.
- 俺はいつも人の前では強がる。I always act tough in front of people. (I probably always appear to act tough)
-
私は今、犬をほしがっているけど、マンションに住んでいるからまだ飼えない。Right now, I am wanting a dog, but since I live in an apartment, I can't get one yet. (I am currently acting like I want a dog)
Fun Fact
The use of がっている to express an 'in the moment' way that someone is acting, is slowly becoming less and less common in modern Japanese. Regularly, そう will be used instead, to express that someone (or something) 'seems' a certain way.
- あの人、暑がっているね。That person looks like they are hot, don't you think. (They're acting like they're hot)
-
あの人、暑そうだね。That person looks like they are hot, don't you think. (They seem hot)
同義語
例文
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私の猫は怖がる。
My cat is jumpy. (Acts scared)
私の弟は強がる。
My younger brother acts tough.
あの子はゲームをほしがる。
That kid (always) wants games.
映画を見て、面白がっています。
Watching a movie and showing signs of interest.
恥ずかしがらないで。スピーチが上手だったよ。
Don't feel ashamed. Your speech went well.
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オンライン
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オフライン
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「がる」に関する文法ディスカッション
最近の返信 (合計25件)
casual
In BP order, がる (JLPT N4) | Bunpro is N4 L3, and Verb[ないで] (JLPT N4) | Bunpro is N4 L7, so indeed it looks like it’s possible to be tested on this combination before seeing both lessons.
ないで is also sort of introduced back in N5 ないでください (JLPT N5) | Bunpro, there’s a side note “In casual speech, ください can be omitted, resulting in the request finishing in で”.
I don’t really have an opinion if this should be mentioned in がる, or if sentences testing grammar combinations should be a thing at all, but hope this helps nevertheless.
Roppo
One of the sentences
初めての飛行機なので怖いと思うけど、怖がらないでね
Is translated as "This is your first time on an airplane so I think it might be scary, but don’t feel scared. Shouldn’t it be “… but please don’t be scared”?
IcyIceBear
same thing. ください can be added to be more polite with the “please” part.
怖がらないでね is friendly, and a bit more casual than 怖がらないでください
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