文法の説明

N5 レッスン 5: 1/12

With, By (using)

使い方・接続

Noun +

詳細

  • 助詞

  • 格助詞

  • 一般

「で」の情報

is a particle that has several different uses in Japanese. At its core, it is always used to highlight something that is 'required' to perform some sort of action/reach some kind of goal. One of these uses relates to 'things'. This comes across as 'by' or 'with' in English.

In these sentences, the item is considered essential for the action to be performed. While other items may be used, simply highlights the one that was chosen.

is also used when groups of people perform actions together, this is something that many people learning Japanese have trouble with initially (because may also be used as 'with' for people). However, the use of is actually the same as this by/with, meaning that the speaker considers the group as the tool used for performing the action.

The difference between and as 'with', is that is used when everyone in the group has the same objective/end goal. is used when each person is performing the action toward each other, not toward an external objective.

同義語



単語 網羅率

このアイテムに記載されているすべての単語。

例文

--:--

  • バス()

    I go by bus.

  • バス学校(がっこう)()

    I go to school by bus.

  • 自転車(じてんしゃ)いいです

    By bicycle is fine.

    Usually で would not be used this way, but we can assume there is some prior context here where the person is saying this as a casual abbreviation of a longer sentence.

  • 自転車(じてんしゃ)

    By bicycle.

  • 電車(でんしゃ)()ます

    Are you coming by train?

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      「で」に関する文法ディスカッション

      最近の返信 (合計6件)

      • Pushindawood

        Pushindawood

        @Bambamlindsay Welcome to the community! It did take us a little while, but we actually added a whole new grammar page to cover the other uses of て/で when it is used to express “by means of” or “in the manner of.” Cheers!

      • jesse_dylan

        jesse_dylan

        This whole thing was super illunimating. However, there’s that nice explanation of で vs と for with… but then none of the examples address that; I think the examples are still pretty much transportation-oriented. But maybe this is addressed later on. I’m good with it, just still don’t quite understand the で vs と nuance.

      • cafelatte

        cafelatte

        One of the ways it was explained to me in terms of people is that if it’s “de” you’re more part of the unit and the focus is on what the unit did, and if it’s “to” it’s just like we did it together

        I go to the restaurant with my family (de) → the focus is on the group, of which you are part, doing the action. We are doing the thing.
        I go to the restaurant with my family (to) → the focus is being together with the family to eat. You + family are doing the thing.

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