使い方・接続
Verb[ない]+ と + (いけない(1))
(1) だめ
詳細
使用域
タメ語
「ないと」の情報
As an extension of the 'if' meaning of と, attaching the auxiliary verb ない to the verb before it will express 'if (A) is not done, (B)'. (B) is most frequently いけない 'cannot go', which makes ないといけない a double negative phrase, which translates to 'must do (A)', or 'have to do (A)'.
いけない may be replaced with だめ, to make the phrase more casual, but ならない is generally not used with ないと.
Caution
As と has the 'and' nuance, it gives ないと a level of strength that is not seen in similar phrases like なければいけない, or なくてはいけない. Because of this, ないと is often used to highlight things which absolutely 'must' be done (obeying the law, adhering to customs, using common sense, etc.).
関連
例文
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「約束を守らないといけません!」
'You have to keep your promise!' (must)
「なぜ、税金を払わないといけないのですか?」
'Why do I have to pay taxes?' (must)
「子沢山だから、一週間に三十回は洗濯しないとだめ。」
'There are lots of children, so I have to do laundry thirty times a week.' (must)
「合格したらまず両親や先生に伝えないと。」
'If I pass, I have to tell my parents and teacher first!' (must)
「ピーナッツにアレルギーがあると言っておかないといけないんだ。」
'I have to tell (you) in advance that I am allergic to peanuts.' (must)
自作の例文
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オンライン
〜と & 〜ないと conditional
Maggie Sensei
Breakdown and Examples
Nihongo Master
Verb[ない] + と conditional
Tae Kim
オフライン
Tae Kim's Japanese Grammar Guide
Page 142
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「ないと」に関する文法ディスカッション
最近の返信 (合計16件)
Pushindawood
must
have toStructure
- Verb[ ない ] + と + いけない / だめ
- Verb[ ない ] + と …
ないとならない is generally not used and is best avoided
[ないと(いけない) is used to express some duty, a necessity, or the responsibility of a speaker or other people due to law, customs, common sense, etc.]
[と originates from と (if, when), but it doesn’t have its restrictions]
[だめ is more casual than いけない. Both だめ and いけない can be omitted in casual language. ないと(いけない) is quite common as it is easier to produce/pronounce since you simply attach と to the negative short form and the rest (いけない・だめ...
darkness_rising
In this example,
「なぜ、税金を はらわないといけない のですか?」
Is the reason that いけない must be included and it can’t just be はらわないと because the のです implies that the sentence is being spoken formally/without abbreviation?
matt_in_mito
I think you’re half right, by which I mean it is because the のですか is there, but It’s not because it’s a formal sentence. It’s because the abbreviated form はらわないと finishes a sentence and doesn’t connect to anything else. It does definitely have a more casual nuance, but even if you add it onto a casual sentence ending particle (for example なぜ、税金をはらわないとの?) it still wouldn’t be natural since the sentence doesn’t end on と.
darkness_rising
Oh, ok! Thank you!
Pep95
Found a weird error when hovering over the grammar point text
Pushindawood
@Pep95 Nice spot! Thank you for drawing this to our attention so that we could get it fixed. Cheers!
FredKore
Is this hint supposed to say “long form of the verb”? (otherwise, I don’t understand what “short form” means here)
hergimerc
Does this grammar point has the same meaning with 〜なくてはいけない/ならない?
CrisH
「日本では家へ上がるとき、靴をぬがないといけません。」
I was wondering if there’s anything wrong with using べき in this case? I put it in but it didn’t say “Not that one”, or any of the usual hints for similar points.Daru
@FredKore
Short form refers to all casual forms.@hergimerc
Yes! The intensity/certainty varies between them, but the basic meaning is the same. Check out the recently added Writeups for more information!@CrisH
It’s not that it’s wrong, it’s just that this specific Study Question wants you to review ないといけない.Hope this helps, everyone!
CrisH
Hi Daru,
In that case, would it be possible to add that as one of the forms that throws up a hint rather than being marked wrong?
Thanks,
CrisDaru
Not really, because it gives ないと a level of strength that is not seen in similar phrases like なければいけない, or なくてはいけない. Because of this, ないと is often used to highlight things which absolutely ‘must’ be done (obeying the law, adhering to customs, using common sense, etc.).
In other words, although it IS the same basic meaning of ‘this mustn’t be done’ , the tone here is so strong its important to clarify.
CrisH
So it’s the difference between ‘should’ (べき) and ‘must’ (ないと), then?
FredKore
Since the hint given in the [] is the verb する, I read “the short form of the verb” to mean “the short form of the verb する”, which it’s already in short form, so the blue text hint is still confusing. I’m guessing the blue text hint was originally written for another near miss answer. So, how do we distinguish between “short form” しないと and “short form” しないといけない?
How about: “short form, but not that short, but not as long as long form, but using two shorts that don’t make a long”Daru
Not all that short.
Pixel_Vapour
<...IcyIceBear
Was looking at alternate acceptable answers… I’ve never seen 〜ですのです before? Is it actually acceptable or is it not taking the rest of the sentence into account
「ないと」について質問がありますか? 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう!
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