文法の説明

N5 レッスン 2: 4/12

る-Verb (Dictionary)

る + ます (Ichidan Verbs)

Short form is also often called 'casual form' (because it is used in casual language), or 'plain form'

使い方・接続

Examples:
食(た)べる
見(み)る
寝(ね)る

詳細

  • 品詞

    Verb

  • 品詞

    Independent Word

  • 使用域

    Standard

  • 品詞

    動詞

  • 単語の種類

    自立語

  • 使用域

    一般

「る-Verb (Dictionary)」の情報

る-Verbs are verbs that have only one possible conjugation pattern. This pattern simply involves the replacement of る with another construction, depending on the tense of the verb (past, negative, etc). This conjugation pattern that only includes る is where the Japanese name Ichidan (一段(いちだん)) 'one-level' comes from.

In these examples, we can see that る is removed from the verb to create the polite ます form. The る form of the verb is often called 'plain form', 'casual form', or 'short form', depending on the source/book.
All る-Verbs end in the kana る, there are no exceptions to this rule.

Caution

While all る-Verbs end in る, not all verbs that end in る are る-Verbs. These verbs can be identified by the る changing, rather than being removed when conjugated.

  • それも取(と)る。
    I will take that too.
  • それも取(と)ります。
    I will take that too.

As the る in 取(と)る becomes り in 取(と)ります, we can determine immediately that it is not a る-Verb, but actually a う-Verb.

例文

  • 見(み)る → 見(み)ます

    To look

  • 寝(ね)る → 寝(ね)ます

    To go to sleep

  • 覚(おぼ)える → 覚(おぼ)えます

    To memorize/remember

  • 食(た)べる → 食(た)べます

    To eat

  • 浴(あ)びる → 浴(あ)びます

    To wash/shower

  • ご登録いただくと、より多くの例文にアクセスできます。

    登録すると他の例文が見れるようになります！

自作の例文

自分なりの勉強をする！

文章を追加し、Bunproの文章と一緒に勉強する。

「る-Verb (Dictionary)」に関する文法ディスカッション

最近の返信 (合計9件)

  • steffuld

    steffuld

    I’ve never thought about it before, but is it true that ichidan verbs always end in -iru or -eru?
    This vastly simplifies telling apart ichidan and godan verbs, imo. Should be a ‘fun fact’ or something.

  • Fuga

    Fuga

    It is true that ichidan verbs end in -iru or -eru, however there are exceptions and not all verbs that end in -iru and -eru are ichidan verbs.

    For example 切る ‘kiru’ ends in -iru and 減る ‘heru’ ends in -eru, but these are both godan verbs.

  • steffuld

    steffuld

    Hi, thank you for the response!

    I understand your point, and I am not saying that this insight would make telling apart ichidan from godan trivial. At the end of the day, it all boils down to the number (of which I have no idea) of exceptions.

    I mean, is it more rational to assume that a verb, you’ve never seen before, which ends in -iru/-eru, is more likely to be an ichidan verb rather than a godan verb?

「る-Verb (Dictionary)」について質問がありますか？ 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう！

ディスカッションに参加する