文法の説明

N5 レッスン 8: 13/13

誰(だれ)か・どこか・誰(だれ)も・どこもSomeone, Somewhere, Not anyone, Not anywhere

The meaning of these words will change, based on whether the sentence is positive, or negative

使い方・接続

WH-Word(1) + か + Particle(2)
WH-Word(1) + Particle(2) + も

(1) どこ、誰(だれ)
(2) へ、に、と

詳細

  • 副詞

  • 副助詞

  • 一般

「誰か・どこか・誰も・どこも」の情報

The constructions 誰(だれ)か, and どこか are used when you want to ask, or answer questions about 'someone', or 'somewhere' (positive sentences). Alternatively, 'no one', or 'nowhere' based statements are made with 誰(だれ)も, and どこも (negative sentences). Structures like this that use 誰(だれ) were briefly discussed in the 誰(だれ) grammar point.

Using 誰(だれ), or どこ is not limited to the か and も particles. へ, に, or と may also be partnered with か or も, to give a more specific meaning.

As can be seen with these examples, か will always precede any other particle in a positive sentence. However, the opposite is true for も. も will always follow any other particles in negative sentences. This is because か will always attach directly to the noun (when altering the meaning of that noun), but も alters the whole phrase, not just the noun.

However, It should be noted that も is not limited to appearing in negative sentences, as can be seen with the final example.

関連

単語 網羅率

このアイテムに記載されているすべての単語。

例文

--:--

  • 「どこかに友達(ともだち)がいるのですか。」
    「どこにもいません。」

    'Do you have friends somewhere?'
    'I don't have friends anywhere.'

  • 「誰(だれ)かにそのことを言(い)いましたか。」
    「いいえ、誰(だれ)にも言(い)っていません。」

    'Did you tell someone about that?'
    'No, I didn't tell anyone.'

  • 「どこかにあるでしょう。」
    「どこにもありませんよ。」

    'It is probably somewhere.'
    'It is not anywhere (I'm telling you).'

  • 「紙(かみ)を誰(だれ)かに渡(わた)しましたか。」
    「誰(だれ)にも渡(わた)していません。」

    'Did you hand off the paper to someone?'
    'I have not handed off the paper to anyone.'

  • 「どこかへ出(で)かけますか。」
    「どこへも行(い)きたくないよ。」

    'Do you want to go somewhere?'
    'I don't want to go anywhere, man.'

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「誰か・どこか・誰も・どこも」に関する文法ディスカッション

最近の返信 (合計18件)

  • profroche

    profroche

    I feel like this grammar page is a bit overloaded… there are 4 different words on it; and yet all of the examples sentences I’ve seen so far use words other than those 4.

    Its very hard to parse out what this point actually is from this explanation/srs combination

  • Rorroh

    Rorroh

    This grammar point is one of the more confusing ones for me, probably because the it looks like it’s trying to teach one thing but the example sentences look like they’re trying to teach something else. I think I understand the patterns that it’s trying to convey but only now that I’ve really taken another look at it.

    The other problem that I’m facing is that I feel like I can answer the reviews “automatically” without really thinking much about it. I glance at 「にも」 for instance to know the answer is 「かに」 and vice versa, but without a real understanding of what it means, it’s just not sticking for me.

    I’m not sure how either of these issues could be remedied, but perhaps adding in sentences that require to fill in the associated WH-word as well, and some with only the one side without the other? I’m gonna try adding some self-study sentences to the best of my ability to see how well that helps me.

  • jesse_dylan

    jesse_dylan

    This is one of those that I kinda/sorta understood by intuition, yet still only kinda/sorta understand even after the explanation and example sentences.

    The example sentences all being dialog kind of confused me too; not that it’s even a bad thing, but it seems unusual compared to everything else so far. We’ll see how I do in reviews.

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