Structure
Verb［ない］+ な + くて
［い］Adjective［い］ + くな + くて
［な］Adjective + では(1)ない + な + くて
Noun + では(1)ない + な + くて
Exceptions:
いい ￫ よくなくて
する ￫ しなくて
くる ￫ こなくて
(1) じゃ
Détails
Niveau de langue
Standard
À propos de なくて
In Japanese, なくて is a construction that combines ない (in its conjugation form, なく), with the conjunction particle て. This results in the same 'and' meaning as the standard て form, but with the negative meaning of ない. なくて can be translated as 'to not (A), and…', or 'not (A), and…', depending on what type of word it is used with.
As discussed in our initial lesson about ない, there are two forms of this particular word. One form is an auxiliary verb, and is used with verbs. The other form of ない is an い-Adjective (形容詞), and is used with nouns, な-Adjectives, and い-Adjectives.
The difference between these two, is that the い-Adjective form may have は in between it and the word it is connected to (では in the case of nouns and な-Adjectives). With verbs, due to ない being an auxiliary verb, this is not possible.
Caution
なくて is very similar to ないで, another structure that is regularly used with verbs (but may not be used with nouns or adjectives). ないで is far more common when expressing 'not doing' something, while なくて tends to be used almost exclusively for expressing reasons/causes.
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Exemples
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なる → ならなくて
to become → to not become and...
嫌い → 嫌いではなくて
dislike → not dislike and...
病気 → 病気じゃなくて
illness → not an illness and...
高い → 高くなくて
expensive/tall → not expensive/tall and...
いい → よくなくて
good → not good and...
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なくて – Discussion Grammaire
Réponses les plus récentes (18 au total)
Vaminta
Couldn’t the negative te form of なる be ならなくて or ならないで
but only ならなくて is marked as correct
casual
Agreed, Bunpro does not explain this in order.
It’s mentioned a few dozen lessons down the line in だけでなく (JLPT N4) | Bunpro
は is regularly dropped from では expressions, or it may also be changed to じゃ, for ease of pronunciation.
Also if you look carefully at the first post of this topic, it has で(は) with brackets. Looks like this information was part of the structure section 5 years ago, but got lost at some point.
BreadmanNin
Ah, perfect. Thank you so much. That clears everything up.
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