従(したが)ってTherefore, Thus, As a result

Both express logical consequence, but the tone and register differ. ゆえに is a formal, written connector meaning ‘therefore’ that presents a reason–result relation in a stiff, explanatory style, as in 天候が悪化した。ゆえに計画を変更した (‘The weather worsened; therefore, we changed the plan.’). したがって also means ‘therefore’ but is more neutral and common in explanations or academic writing, focusing on logical progression rather than formality, as in 条件が満たされない。したがって実行できない (‘The conditions are not met; therefore, it cannot be carried out.’).

Both したがって and から express a cause or reason. The difference is that から is common in casual, everyday speech, while したがって is more formal, used in writing or structured speech. Additionally, から appears in the middle of a sentence, while したがって comes at the start. To use から at the start, you would use ですから or だから.

その結果 and したがって are similar in that both express a result or consequence with a relatively formal tone. その結果 emphasizes the resulting situation or condition, similar to the English 'as a result of that', while したがって implies a logical conclusion, which may or may not necessarily be a 'resulting' situation.

そこで and したがって are both used at the beginning of a sentence to express one action following another, but differ in nuance and tone. そこで is a general-purpose expression usable in various situations and contexts, like the English 'so' or 'as such'. In contrast, したがって is more formal and has a stricter 'following from that' or 'thus' nuance.

まま(に) describes being left in a certain state, often implying lack of freedom or control, as in 言われるままに従った (I obeyed just as I was told). したがって is a formal connector meaning therefore or thus, used to show logical consequence, as in 天気は悪い。したがって中止する (The weather is bad. Therefore, it will be canceled).