使い方・接続
Verb[stem]+ がたい
詳細
使用域
一般
「がたい」の情報
Coming from the same kanji as 難しい 'difficult', 難い is a suffix that also means 'difficult'. However, in the case of がたい, it will be attached to the conjunctive form of verbs, and conveys that '(A) is difficult to do'. がたい is almost always written without kanji in this meaning.
Compared to にくい, which can simply imply that something is 'uncomfortable' to do, がたい refers almost exclusively to 困難であること 'things that involve a high degree of difficulty, distress, or infeasibility'. Due to this, がたい will come across as far stronger than にくい, and may imply that a certain task is almost impossible.
Summed up, these nuances basically translate as the following:
にくい - Something is difficult based on someone's opinion, experience, or general feeling.
がたい - Something is difficult based on the task itself having a high level of difficulty.
関連
例文
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あの罪は許しがたい。
That crime is unforgivable. (Nearly impossible to forgive)
もう一つのアイデアも捨てがたい。
The other idea is also hard to give up.
あの人の言っていることは信じがたいですね。
It's hard to believe what that person is saying.
忘れがたい出来事に遭遇した。
I encountered an event that is nearly impossible to forget.
皆から近寄りがたいってよく言われます。
I am often told that I am hard to approach.
自作の例文
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オンライン
The difference between がたい、にくい、and づらい
Japanese Stack Exchange
オフライン
[AIAIJ] An Integrated Approach to Intermediate Japanese
Page 293
Tae Kim's Japanese Grammar Guide
Page 277
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「がたい」に関する文法ディスカッション
最近の返信 (合計7件)
mrnoone
English translation:
hard to
difficult toStructure:
Verb[stem] + がたいExplanation:
[nearly impossible to…]View on Bunpro
lopicake
Okay I still don’t know what the exact difference between にくい、づらい、and がたい is and I’ve read conflicting descriptions of them all.
First from the Resources linked by BP:
Tae Kim Link
「にくい」 tends to be used for physical actions while
「がたい」 is usually reserved for less physical actions that don’t actually require movement
「づらい」more coarse variation of stem + 「にくい」JStackExchange Link
~にくい 【~難い】
The most general of the three. Basic “hard/difficult to do ~” meaning.
~づらい 【~辛い】
~づらい is usually a more subjective meaning, whereas ~にくい is usually more objective. Also, ~づら...mrnoone
Hey
To sum up:
First of all にくい is the broadest term. It doesn’t have restrictions like the other two. Also, it describes objectively that something is hard. It can be used with transitive and intransitive verbs.
づらい describes speaker’s/writer’s aversion/reluctance to do something That is why it is more subjective. Also, it cannot be used with intransitive verbs.
電気が消えにくい。 〇 The light is hard to turn off.
電気は消えづらい。 Xがたい is more formal than the rest. It is also like Stack answer said used to describe that something is impossible or almost impossible. So it is much stronger than “hard to”.
Therefore answer A, since 許しがたい means that it is absolutely intolerable. Unforgivable.
Not to mention 許しがたい is basically a fixed expression. I haven’t seen 許しづらい。lopicake
Thank you so much for your reply! That clears it up a lot!
I realize they’re all saying the same thing but Tae Kim and 日本語の森 are just over-simplifying it. 完全マスターN2文法 doesn’t talk about the the impossibility emphasis.
Textbook case of why multiple sources are important.
mrnoone
That is because of space, kanzen master is a book made for reviewing rather than learning.
Johnathan-Weir
These videos might be worth adding:
ggw1776
I usually only do my drills with the english translations, which makes this sentence in particular pretty frustrating
Gabrielkarrer
can bunpro add the 辛い as a separate grammar point. In my practical case, i didnt use and know about it at all and accidentally come on it on a (all n4 grammar youtube video) to polish my grammar skill. If you know the nuance, its pretty useful.
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