使い方・接続
Verb［ます］+ すぎる
［い］Adjective［い］+ すぎる
［な］Adjective + すぎる
Negative:
Verb［ない］+ なさ(1) + すぎる
［い］Adjective［く］［ない］ + なさ + すぎる
［な］Adjective + では(2)ない + なさ + すぎる
(1) な
(2) じゃ
詳細
品詞
動詞
単語の種類
自立語
使用域
一般
「すぎる」の情報
すぎる is a verb that is used in Japanese to mean 'to exceed', or 'to go past'. It keeps this meaning when it is attached to other words, and creates the Japanese equivalent of saying that something is 'too much'. すぎる can be joined to the ます stem of verbs, the stem form of い-Adjectives (simply remove the い), or the stem form of な-Adjectives (simply remove the な).
With すぎる, the る is regularly omitted, with すぎ being used by itself. This is a casual language pattern, and something you will hear all the time. This variation may be used with any word that すぎる would usually be used with.
There are a few rules that you will need to be careful about when using すぎる. The first of these unique rules is using すぎる with ない. When linked to ない, the い changes to さ, creating the structure なさすぎる. This means 'too much not (A)', or more naturally in English 'not enough (A)'.
As with regular ない forms, では or じゃ will be required when used after な-Adjectives.
In the third example here, we can see that the さ has been omitted. This is technically not correct Japanese, but has become very common among young people, so it still sounds natural.
The second unique rule is when using すぎる with いい to mean 'too good'. Because すぎる is used with the stem form of い-Adjectives, you will need to remember that the stem form of いい is not actually い, but よ. This means that よすぎる would be correct, while いすぎる is not.
Caution
Because すぎる itself is a verb, it can also appear in the negative form, this confuses a lot of learners, and is something that needs to be practiced. Let's have a look at all of the ways that すぎる could possibly appear with ない.
-
学校に行かなさすぎるから成績が落ちた。Because I don't go to school enough, my grades are going down. (Literally, I don't go too much)
-
彼はトイレに行かなさすぎない。He doesn't not go to the toilet enough. (A double negative that becomes positive)
-
ゲームセンターには行きすぎないでね。Don't go to the arcade too often. (The negative focus is on 'too much', and sounds more like a request)
Because the meaning is different in each one of these sentences, depending on where the ない is, and how many ない's there are, you may need to be careful while reading these, until it starts to feel natural.
同義語
例文
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ここはゴミが多すぎる。
There is too much garbage here.
この寿司は美味しすぎる。
This sushi is too delicious.
その冗談は面白くなさすぎた。
That joke was not funny at all.
(Literally - Was too much not funny)
いつも週末に寝すぎます。
I always sleep too much on the weekends.
漢字を書きすぎたから、手が痛い。
Because I wrote too much kanji, my hand hurts.
自作の例文
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「すぎる」に関する文法ディスカッション
最近の返信 (合計57件)
Toldfinger1
It seems like it’s still not consistent between pages: -
Kirumi
I feel like this will forever be a ghost for me. Every time I get to the question, I rely on the “Negative-past” which throws me off. I always try to use a form of なかった.
image
Alphaz
I only learned this grammar point today, but glad to see there’s so many posts in this discussion. I read the lesson and was certain this will be by far the hardest grammar point for me to learn. A lot of sentences with previous grammar felt natural, but here it just doesn’t make sense in my brain.
I guess with enough exposure things will work out, but this looks scary.
「すぎる」について質問がありますか？ 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう！
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