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Verb[て]+ あげる
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「てあげる」の情報
When joining the conjunction particle て, with the る-Verbあげる (to give), it implies that someone is doing something for the benefit of someone else. Literally, this expression means 'to give/bestow the action of (A) upon (B)', but translates more naturally as 'to do (A) for (B)', or 'to do (A) as a favor for (B)'.
The receiver of the てあげる action will be marked with に, while the doer will be marked with が (if mentioned).
Caution
Unfortunately, てあげる can sound quite patronizing in modern Japanese, and should be avoided in situations where someone may take offence to having something done for them (for example, doing something for someone of higher status). This is primarily due to やる (a casual variation of 'to give') being phased out.
Fun Fact
Originally, やる was used when referring to giving water to plants, or feeding animals. However, some people started using あげる for these purposes as well, believing that it sounded 'nicer'. Historically, this actually achieved the opposite result, and some people began to think that あげる was insulting, as it was being used for plants/animals.
These days, てやる is almost never used, unless you have a very close relationship with someone and are using it jokingly.
関連
例文
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母に花を買ってあげた。
I bought flowers (as a favor) for my mother.
あそこのおばあさんを手伝ってあげましょうか。
Shall we give assistance to (as a favor for) that lady?
このプレゼントをお父さんに渡してあげてください。
Please hand over this present to your dad. (Give to)
ユカに消しゴムを貸してあげてください。
Please lend your eraser to Yuka. (For Yuka)
寂しそうにしているから、ハグしてあげましょう。
Because they look lonely let's give them a hug. (For them)
自作の例文
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オンライン
Giving and Receiving
Wasabi
How to use (〜して)あげる + くれる + もらう
MaggieSensei
When to use 「あげる」
Tae Kim
てあげる vs てくれる vs てもらう
Japanese Ammo 🎦
オフライン
[DBJG] A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar
Page 2 & 65
Genki II 1st Edition
Page 34 & 74
Genki II 2nd Edition
Page 100
Tae Kim's Japanese Grammar Guide
Page 170
みんなの日本語 I
Page 152 [CH 24]
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「てあげる」に関する文法ディスカッション
最近の返信 (合計45件)
Jake
to do something for someone
Structure
- Verb[て] + あげる
View on Bunpro
nathan.powers10
" 周りの人の話をよく きいてあげましょう"
Can you help explain this to me? The grammar is “to do something for someone” but this doesn’t make sense to me. It sounds like you are suggesting you give listening to somebody?
Edit: I looked at the sentence in the examples and there is some additional context " [ lend an ear to/for the people ]. I think this makes sense. It’s saying “to the story of the people around let’s do the favor of listening to them”. That’s the most literal translation I can think of. Make sense or am I way off?
mrnoone
Yes, that is the correct interpretation
You got it
andrewkfiedler
Does anyone have any tips on how to differentiate this from other similar grammar such as なさい?
Is it that one is a command and the other is just a request?
mrnoone
Hey and welcome on community forums!
てあげる simply adds a nuance of someone (for example speaker) doing something for someone else.
なさい is polite imperative form, basically telling someone (ordering) to do something.To sum up てあげる by itself doesn’t express an order. But it can imply that the action has been requested and is a favor.
You can use them together:
あんなかに教科書をかしてあげなさい。
Do a favor to Annaka and lend her the textbook!あんなかに教科書を貸しなさい。
Lend the textbook to Annaka!あんなかに教科書を貸してあげてください。
Please, do a favor to Annaka and lend her the textbook.あんなかに教科書を貸してください。
Please, lend the textbook to Annaka.Basically you can say those without あげる, it won’t change the meaning, but emphasize that the action is a favor.
andrewkfiedler
Thank you for the really thorough and super quick reply!
andrewkfiedler
This is another one I get it confused with unfortunately.
喋(しゃべ)らないで だまっていってくれます か。[黙(だま)って行(い)く]
Could you not talk, shut up and go ? [ for me ]Is the hint for くれる to look for a favor that would be for the speaker?
mrnoone
Hey
The whole “shut up and go” part is the favor
mickos
I’m struggling with this particular sentence despite reading the various materials, and would really appreciate any insights.
このプレゼントをお父とうさんに わたしてあげて
In particular, I guess I struggle with ‘who’ is doing something for who.
eg. my initial thought was to use くれて because someone is giving you (=the speaker) the favor of giving the item to their dad?
But… based on the answer, I suspect that the てあげて・てこれて should be the actual subject of the sentence, rather than the speaker…? But since it’s not explicit in the example sentence, it’s not so obvious?
(Aさんは)このプレゼントをお父とうさんに わたしてあげて
As in, A is giving the present to his/her father and hence A-san is doing a favor (as opposed to the speaker of the sentence receiving a favor), resulting in てあげて?
seanblue
I don’t think you can use くれて as a command like that. You could use くれ perhaps, but I don’t think that’s the same concept because it’s more like a rougher version of ください. (Well that’s my interpretation at least.)
If the present was already given, it could be くれた. This would specifically mean that someone else gave the present to (probably) your father since you can’t do the action of くれる.
Since the English translation uses “please” you know it has to be in て form, and since the action is giving the only thing left that makes sense is あげて. The て form pretty much removes the possibility that you are doing the giving.
mrnoone
@mickos @seanblue
Hey and sorry for the late answer
So basically, てあげる is used when:
- Speaker does something to the listener
- The listener does something for others
- Speaker does something to others
- Other person does something for another person
てあげる doesn’t change the meaning of the sentence, it simply points out that someone receives a benefit. (this can sound rude when you use this phrase while directly speaking to the beneficiary, for example, 言ってあげるよ - I am doing a favor of speaking to you - implying that the person in question is not worth it normally. Though this does not apply to てあげてください since we are not speaking directly to the beneficiary, right?
てあげてください is used when the speaker is asking th...
Pep95
But in this case, since it is given to your father, who is part of your inner circle, can’t くれる also not be used? I’m mostly using this image to determine what to use, is it wrong? Or am I incorrectly applying it here? (I assume here that person A is giving it to my father.)
seanblue
See my earlier response. I think it’s the て form that makes くれる wrong here.
Melanthe
@mrnoone
I am also confused about このプレゼントをお父とうさんに わたしてあげて. I would’ve expected it to combine あげる and くれる like it does in this sentence (used in the てくれない entry):
まつさに先生せんせい:「みしまさん、ちょっとにったさんを手伝てつだってあげてくれない? 」
Because you are doing the favour to me (くれる) of handing something over to your dad (あげる). If those verbs can be combined in the other example, why not in this sentence?
seanblue
Sure, it could be, but why does that mean it has to be? In this case it’s simply あげて(ください) instead.
Melanthe
Could you explain why?
In “Please hand over this present to your dad.” aren’t I asking for a favour to be done to me? The favour of doing someone else a favour, as it were? So why would このプレゼントをお父とうさんに わたしてあげてくれて be an incorrect way of asking?
seanblue
I guess? There can be more than one way to say basically the same thing. But “please” in English is more often translated to て form, with an implicit or explicit ください. てくれる・てくれない would more often be translated as “won’t you” I think. It’s about what nuance you want. Do you want to tell someone to do something (politely) or do you want to ask them to do something? In this case the translation using “please” tells you that they want the nuance from て form.
Melanthe
The answer it looks for in that sentence is わたしてあげて. The て-form is mentioned in this list. I misinterpreted it at first, thinking you’d use the て-form of くれる in addition to the て-form of the favour-verb. But now I realise the least polite way of asking for a favour is to use 〜てくれる and then leave...
mrnoone
@seanblue @Melanthe @Pep95
More alternative answers has been added to those examples, to be honest I am wondering if てあげてください doesn’t deserve grammar point on its own.CrisH
In the sentence
周りの人の話をよく聞いてあげましょう。
I’m trying to figure out the purpose of よく. Is it intended to mean ‘often’, as Wiktionary suggests it can be used?Thanks,
Cris
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