Structure
Question Word + か + わかる(1)
(1) 覚える、決める、知っている and so on
Détails
Niveau de langue
Standard
À propos de Question-phrase + か
Often, the adverbial particle か is used in the middle of a sentence, in the same way that it is as a sentence ending particle. The main differences are as follows:
Adverbial Particle: 副助詞 - Highlights uncertain things '不確かであること'. This is the same か as in どこか 'somewhere'.
Sentence Ending Particle: 終助詞 - Highlights doubts and questions '疑問や質問'. This is a direct question.
In the case of the adverbial particle か and 'uncertain things', this will almost always be followed by a word that is seeking information about the uncertain thing.
-
忘年会に社長が来るか分かりますか？
Do you know if the CEO is coming to the end of year party? (Literally, 'If the CEO is coming, do you know?')
-
これで足りるか分かる？
Do you know if this is enough? (Literally, 'If this is enough, do you know?')
-
何でこのビルを壊すか知っていますか。
Do you know why they are destroying this building? (Literally, 'Why they are destroying it, do you know?')
-
お祭りは何時に終わるか知ってる？
Do you know what time the festival is going to end? (Literally, 'What time it will end, do you know?')
As can be seen in these examples, sometimes the adverbial particle will appear by itself, and sometimes it will appear together with the sentence ending particle in the same sentence. However, due to the 'uncertainty' being displayed by the adverbial particle, the question marker at the end of the sentence is not required.
Caution
This か should not be preceded by だ (or です), this is why words like どこか and 誰か are not どこだか and 誰だか.
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Exemples
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僕がどこにいるかわかる？
Do you know where I am?
(question within a larger sentence)
いつ美術館に行くか決めましたか？
Have you decided when you are going to the art museum?
(question within a larger sentence)
彼の好みの味が何かわかる？
Do you know what kind of flavor(s) he likes?
(question within a larger sentence)
彼が誰のことを好きかわかりません。
I do not know who he likes.
(question within a larger sentence)
何を消したか知っている？
Do you know what was erased?
(question within a larger sentence)
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Question-phrase + か – Discussion Grammaire
Réponses les plus récentes (14 au total)
shadowstar
Wonderful! Thank you so much!
ParisP
The structure is presented as " Question Word + か + わかる" but in the first example “忘年会に社長が来るか分かりますか？” Which one is the question word? My understanding so far is that a question word is like 何, どの, いつ, etc.
Pablunpro
Hi, welcome!
Indeed you are right, and the structure seems to be incomplete.
If you guide yourself by the title of the grammar point ((Question-Phrase) + か) you’ll see that also a phrase (aka a full fledged sentence) can be used before か to turn into into a question, or the thing that is uncertain. In this case, the phrase would be ‘忘年会に社長が来る’.
HTH!
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