文法の説明

N5 レッスン 3: 3/13

Or

使い方・接続

Verb (A) + + Verb (B) +

[い]Adjective (A) + + [い]Adjective (B) +

[な]Adjective (A) + + [な]Adjective (B) +

Noun (A) + + Noun (B) +

詳細

  • 品詞

    助詞

  • 単語の種類

    副助詞

  • 使用域

    一般

「か」の情報

One of the common uses of the particle is often translated to 'or' in English. While this translation is accurate, it is not actually any different from 's regular usage as a question marker.

From these examples, we can see that, in Japanese, is performing the same role that a question mark would, or that a change in tone of voice would in spoken language.

'Would you like tea? coffee?' (said with a rising tone).

This nuance of can be used after the dictionary form of almost any word in Japanese. However, using です or ます will change the nuance from 'presenting possibilities', to 'asking a formal question', so should be avoided.

例文

--:--

    ここそこ

    Here or there?

    (あか)(あお)

    Red or blue.

    ()(あそ)

    To sleep or to play.

    今日(きょう)明日(あした)

    Today or tomorrow.

    これ(わたし)ペンあなたペンです

    Is this my pen or your pen?

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  • オンライン


    • オフライン

        • [DBJG] A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar

          Page 164

        • Tobira

          Page 45

        • みんなの日本語 I

          Page 20 [CH 2]

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      「か」に関する文法ディスカッション

      最近の返信 (合計10件)

      • Jake

        Jake

        or

        Structure

        • Verb +
        • Noun +
        • いAdjective +
        • なAdjective +

        [choice between two objects・particle]

        View on Bunpro

      • mattbacon

        mattbacon

        これは私のペンかあなたのペンですか。

        In this sentence, the “my pen or your pen” part seems redundant. Could I say, “これは私のかあなたのペンですか。”?

      • seanblue

        seanblue

        I think that would be like saying “is this mine or your pen?”.

      • mrnoone

        mrnoone

        @mattbacon
        It is understandable, but it would be more natural if you split it into two sentences:
        これは私のか?あなたのペンですか?
        Imo:
        これは私のペンですか?あなたのですか?

        Other alternatives:

        このペンは私のですか?それともあなたのですか?
        このペンは私のか、あなたのか、だれですか。

        Less polite:
        これは私のか、あなたのか?
        このペンは私のか、あなたのか?

      • John_Doe

        John_Doe

        Is this second か the same as this grammar point? And if you don’t mind me asking, what about that third か?

        今年の79歳になる主人の加藤さんはいま、各県に1人2人いるいないという和傘職人の1人です。

      • mrnoone

        mrnoone

        Hey

        Yes, it is

        Mr. Kato, turning 79 this year is one of few rare (one or two people (or none at all) per prefecture) Japanese umbrella makers.

      • John_Doe

        John_Doe

        thanks!!!

      • lungmao3

        lungmao3

        Hiya, please can anyone explain if the second か is left implied in some of the examples on the page? E.g. “ここかそこ。” do you only need one か?

      • StaceySuteishi

        StaceySuteishi

        こんいちは!

        I have 2 questions regarding the “structure” section of the grammar explanation.

        Structure

        • Verb (A) + + Verb (B) +
        • [い]Adjective (A) + + [い]Adjective (B) +
        • [な]Adjective (A) + + [な]Adjective (B) +
        • Noun (A) + + Noun (B) +

        First question is, does it always have to be a noun with a noun, an い adj with an い adj, etc?

        Second question is, what is the second か after the Noun (B), Verb (B), etc? I don’t see that coming up in any of the examples.

        ありがとう!

      • Kirumi

        Kirumi

        The review question 寝る …か… 遊ぶ。 asks for “Non-exhaustive, Particle”, while a review question asked for an “Exhaustive” particle. What exactly does exhaustive and non-exhaustive mean?

      • Pablunpro

        Pablunpro

        Hi!

        ‘Exhaustive’ means that you are stating all of the items whilst ‘Non-exhaustive’ means that you are just stating some of the items while implying that there are more left unsaid.

        HTH!

      「か」について質問がありますか? 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう!

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