文法の説明

N3 レッスン 2: 12/22

と言(い)う

Called, Named, Known as, As much as

使い方・接続

Noun (A) + という + Noun (B)

詳細

  • 使用域

    Standard

  • 使用域

    一般

「という」の情報

という is a combination of the case marking particle と, and the う - Verb 言(い)う. It is a set expression that primarily uses only hiragana. という connects two nouns, and means 'the (B) that is called (A)', or 'the (B) known as (A)'.
  • ローラというモデルさんを知(し)っていますか？
    Do you know the model called Rola?
  • 本山(もとやま)という駅(えき)で降(お)りてください。
    Please get off at a station named Motoyama.
  • タナカタロウという少年(しょうねん)を見(み)つけたら、ここにお電話(でんわ)をください。
    If you find a child named Tanaka Tarou, please call us.
Fun Fact
という (and the verb 言(い)う itself) is often quite misunderstood, as the closest translation in English is 'to say'. In Japanese, 言(い)う actually refers to the information about something that cannot be discovered by simply 'looking at' it. For example, if you look at a man, you cannot know that his name is Bob, or that he works in an office, but you can know whether he is 'short', 'tall', etc. Due to this, という should only be used to express information that requires intimate knowledge, and not simple observations.
  • ここにボブという名前(なまえ)の男(おとこ)の人(ひと)が来(き)ませんでしたか。 (Natural)
    Did a man called Bob come here?
  • ここに小(ちい)さいという男(おとこ)の人(ひと)が来(き)ませんでしたか。 (Unnatural)
    Did a man known as small come here?
It is possible to see (A) という (B) in sentences where (A) is describing something that seems 'obvious'. However, in these cases, the speaker is usually implying that something about (A) is not exactly as it seems, or that their opinion/knowledge differs.
  • あの人(ひと)は強(つよ)いというんだけど、ステロイドを使(つか)っているんじゃない？
    That person is known as strong, but don't you think he uses steroids? (He looks strong, but isn't)
This particular nuance is not limited to nouns, and may be seen with almost any word type.

例文

  • ポケモンというゲームを知(し)っている？

    Do you know the game called 'Pokemon?'

    • リンという焼(や)き肉屋(にくや)に行(い)ったことはありますか。

      Have you ever gone to a yakiniku restaurant named 'Rin?'

      • 今(いま)は梅雨(つゆ)という時期(じき)です。

        We are now in the time of year called 'Tsuyu' (rainy season).

        • 秋(あき)という季節(きせつ)が大好(だいす)きだ。

          I love the fall season.

          • 佐藤(さとう)浩一(こういち)という人(ひと)を知(し)っていますか？

            Do you know a man named 'Sato Koichi'?

            Satō Kōichi is a Japanese actor.

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            「という」に関する文法ディスカッション

            最近の返信 (合計4件)

            • mrnoone

              mrnoone

              Hey and welcome on the community forums!

              Think of it as a convention, this way it is easier to distinguish it from other uses of という, like for example when it is used at the end of a sentence to express hearsay, where だ can precede it. (彼はアメリカ人だという I heard that he is an American)

              So, when you see ワンダという魚 you know it means a fish called wanda.

              I hope it helps cheers!

            • Johnathan-Weir

              Johnathan-Weir

              So it’ll accept という and っていう but shouldn’t just って also be accepted?

            • Daru

              Daru

              って on its own is understood as a は, as they serve the same basic function of topic marker particles. Only difference is that って is much more casual.

              When used as っていう、it’s a direct replacement of と。That’s why って only isn’t accepted. Hope this cleared it up!

            「という」について質問がありますか？ 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう！

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