文法の説明

N4 レッスン 3: 2/18

等(など)

Such as, Things like, Etc., And so on

使い方・接続

Noun + など
Noun + など + の + Noun

詳細

  • 使用域

    Standard

  • 使用域

    一般

「など」の情報

など is an adverbial particle that is used to express that something is being presented as an example, but that other things in the same category also exist. In this way, it is regularly translated as 'such as', 'things like', or 'and so on'.
など may be used after nouns, to describe that (A) is being presented as an example from within a group. Alternatively, など can be followed by の (B), to show that (A) is only one type of thing from the broader category, (B).
  • この公園(こうえん)では石(いし)などを投(な)げないでください。
    Do not throw rocks and so on in this park.
  • 彼(かれ)はいつもルームメイトなどの悪口(わるぐち)を言(い)っています。
    He is always badmouthing people, like his roommates.
など is regularly seen in its kanji form, 等(など). This kanji itself has a similar meaning to 'etc' in English.
Fun Fact
The kanji for 等(など) is also used in the pluralizing suffix, ら. Due to this, we can see that this kanji is regularly utilized to highlight something that exists as part of a larger group.
  • 鞄(かばん)や靴(くつ)等(など)を川(かわ)に捨(す)ててはならない。
    You mustn't discard things such as bags and shoes into the river.
  • あいつ等(ら)本当(ほんとう)にうるさいね。
    Those people are very noisy, don't you think.
In the first sentence, など presents (A) as being part of a larger group of similar things. This is exactly the same thing that happens in the second sentence with ら.
Fun Fact
など is also sometimes written as なんか, and has an interchangeable meaning in many situations. However, なんか will never use the kanji form of 等(など).

例文

  • イタリアやアメリカなどに行(い)きたい。

    I want to go to places such as America and Italy.

    • 宿題(しゅくだい)をしてから、ゲームなどをゆっくりする。

      After doing my homework, I relax with things like video games.

      • フルーツはぶどうなどが好(す)きです。

        As for fruits, I like fruits such as grapes.

        • 趣味(しゅみ)などを教(おし)えてください。

          Please tell me things like your hobbies.

          • 明日(あした)から、準備(じゅんび)などをするつもりです。

            From tomorrow, I plan on doing things like preparing.

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            「など」に関する文法ディスカッション

            最近の返信 (合計9件)

            • Schuylerca

              Schuylerca

              I don’t have a copy of that book/ref but thank you for posting… the quoting example is exactly how it was done in the ref I mentioned…

              specifically though the correction that I received was from とか to など。wasn’t quoting anything
              No quoting particles… Have talked to a few Japanese friends and haven’t gotten a straight answer, not a big deal just weird…

              in any case…I can kind of see how the meaning might be more natural (even if the quoting particle is omitted)…

              will be interesting to see if anyone has any other references/input.

              Thanks!

            • jelly1

              jelly1

              I think the fun fact section could be made a little clearer. It says that the kanji 等 can be used as the pluralising suffix ら, then shows an あいつら example sentence written in hiragana (and not あいつ等).

            • Fuga

              Fuga

              This should have been displayed as あいつ等, so we have just fixed it! Thank you for letting us know about this!

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