「夜勤（やきん）の<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='315'>仕事（しごと）</span>も<strong>さぞ</strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='474'>大変（たいへん）</span>だろう。」

「智子（さとこ）は昇進（しょうしん）が見送（みおく）られて、<strong>さぞ</strong>がっかりしたに<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='1012'>違（ちが）い</span>ない。」

「<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='392'>初（はじ）めて</span>の<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='980'>赤（あか）ちゃん</span>のお誕生（たんじょう）に<strong>さぞ</strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='500'>嬉（うれ）しい</span>ことでしょう。」

硬（かた）い<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='600'>手紙（てがみ）</span>：「ご子息（しそく）<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='708'>様（さま）</span>のこと、<strong>さぞ</strong>ご<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='576'>心配（しんぱい）</span>のことと思（おも）います。」

「<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='515'>家族（かぞく）</span>が一生懸命（いっしょうけんめい）働（はたら）いているのに、<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='972'>あなた</span><span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='43' data-vocab-id='259'>だけ</span><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='733'>毎日（まいにち）</span>遊（あそ）んでいる<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='43' data-vocab-id='259'>だけ</span>、<strong>さぞ</strong><span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='24' data-vocab-id='704'>楽（たの）しい</span>でしょうね！」

「長旅（ながたび）ご苦労（くろう）<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='708'>様（さま）</span>です。<strong>さぞ</strong>お疲（つか）れでしょう。」

<div class='writeup-body'><span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞ</span> is a fairly formal <span class='info-highlight' data-term='副詞・ふくし'>adverb</span> in Japanese that is used emphatically to highlight that the following statement is something that the speaker understands to be true. This is often in relation to the feelings or situation of another. Common translations include 'you must be very (A)', 'how (A) you must be', or 'I dare say that (A)'. 'I dare to say that (A)' is probably the closest to the literal meaning of <span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞ</span>, as the speaker is empathizing with someone else by trying to imagine the situation from their point of view.<br>
As <span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞ</span> is an adverb, it will usually appear at the beginning of a sentence, modifying the whole phrase that follows.<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'>
 <li class='writeup-example'>
<div class='writeup-example--japanese'>
あの一流（いちりゅう）企業（きぎょう）で働（はたら）いているなら、<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞ</span>いいところに住（す）んでいるんでしょう。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>
If you work for that prestigious company, you must live in a very nice place.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>


おばあさんが急（きゅう）に入院（にゅういん）されて、<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞ</span>ご心配（しんぱい）でしょう。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>
Your grandmother's sudden hospitalization must be very worrisome.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>


あんなニコニコしている斎藤（さいとう）さんは初（はじ）めて見（に）た。<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞ</span>嬉（うれ）しい出来事（できごと）があったんでしょう。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>
I had never seen Saito-san smiling like that before. He must have had something good happen to him.</div></li></ul>
The phrase following <span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞ</span> will often finish with だろう or でしょう. This highlights the speaker's opinion about the situation as being limited by their own knowledge.
<div class='writeup-caution'><div class='caution-header'>Caution</div><span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞ</span> comes from the kanji 嘸（さぞ）, which has two alternative readings, 嘸（さぞ）や, and 嘸（さぞ）かし. Both 嘸（さぞ）や, and 嘸（さぞ）かし are occasionally used as even further emphasized versions of <span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞ</span>.<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'>
 <li class='writeup-example'>
<div class='writeup-example--japanese'>
あんなに大切（たいせつ）にしていた車（くるま）を盗（ぬす）まれたなんて、<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞや</span>悔（くや）しかっただろう。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>
You must have been so frustrated to have such a cherished car stolen.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>


あの人が彼（かれ）の父（ちち）だなんて、<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='871'>さぞかし</span>驚（おどろ）いただろう。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>
He must have been very surprised that that man was his father.</div></li></ul>
Despite being almost identical in meaning, さぞかし is used more often than さぞや.</div></div>

Grammar Info

さぞ

you must be very, how … you must be, I dare to say, I am sure/certain that you must be very