Grammar Info

関西弁 Lesson 1: 21/21

ないといけない ⇒ なあかんHave to, Must, Should, Have no choice but to

関西弁

Structure

Verb[ないといけない]+ なあかん

Exceptions:
しないといけないせなあかん

Details

    About ないといけない ⇒ なあかん

    As a replacement for the obligatory negative statements in standard Japanese (ないといけない, なければいけない, なくてはだめ, etc), なあかん may be used in 関西弁(かんさいべん). あかん itself is a 関西弁(かんさいべん) word that means 'useless', or 'no good', and is utilized almost as a direct replacement for だめ.

    な will pair with the standard negative form of any verb, before adding あかん straight after it. な itself in this structure is an abbreviation of the auxiliary verb ない, in which い has been omitted. なあかん can be translated as 'must do (A)', but more literally is 'not doing (A) is no good'.

    Caution

    As with many other grammar points, する will appear slightly differently in 関西弁(かんさいべん) when partnered with なあかん. The most common form that する will be seen in is せなあかん. せ is the negative base of する in Kansai dialect, followed by な (rather than the customary へん).

    • まだまだ練習(れんしゅう)せなあかんな。
      I still have to keep practicing.
    • 子供(こども)ああいう(こと)したらちゃんと注意(ちゅうい)せなあかん
      When your kid does something like that, you have to warn them about it.

    Fun Fact

    More correctly, な is an abbreviation of なければ, the hypothetical form of ない that has been paired with the conjunction particle ば. However, in standard speech, なあかん can realistically replace any obligatory negative structure, not just なければ.

    Examples

    --:--

      全部(ぜんぶ)()ないといけない
      全部(ぜんぶ)たべなあかん

      You have to eat everything.

      明日(あした)(あさ)までに宿題(しゅくだい)()わらせないといけない
      明日(あした)(あさ)までに宿題(しゅくだい)おわらせなあかん

      I have to finish my homework by tomorrow morning.

      だめ!だめだめだめ。ここから()ったらダメ、あそこから()ないといけない
      あかん!あかんあかんあかん。ここから()ったらあかん、あそこからのらなあかん

      No! No, no, no. You cannot get in from here. You have to get on from there.

      毎日(まいにち)(くすり)()ないといけない医者(いしゃ)()われた。
      毎日(まいにち)(くすり)のまなあかん医者(いしゃ)()われた。

      Doctor told me that I have to drink the medicine everyday.

      はやく部屋(へや)片付(かたづ)ないといけない
      はよ部屋(へや)かたづけなあかん

      I have to clean my room quickly.

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