始(はじ)めるTo start, To begin to

はじめる attaches to verb stems to mean 'to begin' or 'start' doing something, e.g. 食べはじめる 'to start eating'. In contrast, てしまう・ちゃう follows the て-form and can express doing something unintentionally or completely, e.g. 食べてしまった・食べちゃった ('I ate it unintentionally.' or 'I ate it all.').

はじめる and おわる can be attached to the stem of verbs to express the contrasting ideas of 'beginning' and 'finishing' an action, respectively. For example, 読みはじめる means 'to begin reading', while 読みおわる means 'to finish reading'.

はじめる attaches to verb stems to express 'beginning to' do something, e.g. 作りはじめる 'to start making'. In contrast, 上がる・上げる also attach to verb stems but express completing an action, e.g. 作りあげる 'to finish making', often with a sense of effort or finality.

ていく expresses either literal movement away from the speaker or a change that begins now and continues into the future. In contrast, はじめる attaches to the verb stem to mean 'to start (A)'. The key difference is nuance: ていく highlights ongoing progression and continuation going forward, while はじめる focuses on the starting point and the idea of commencing an action.

はじめる attaches to verb stems to mean 'to begin' or 'start' doing something, e.g. 食べはじめる 'to start eating'. In contrast, かけ also attaches to verb stems but indicates something incomplete or in progress, e.g. 食べかけ 'half-eaten'. Forms with かけ function grammatically as nouns, as in 食べかけのバナナ 'a half-eaten banana'.

Both はじめる and だす attach to verb stems to mean 'to start doing (A)', but with different nuances. はじめる implies a deliberate or planned action, e.g. 学びはじめた ('I began to learn.'). In contrast, だす conveys a more spontaneous or unexpected beginning, e.g. 雨が降りだした ('It suddenly began to rain.').