だけOnly, Just

だけ conveys 'only' or 'just.' しか～ない combines the particle しか with a negative verb to express 'nothing but.' While the two have similar meanings, their structures differ. For example, the equivalent of バナナだけ食べた ('I ate only a banana') would be バナナしか食べなかった ('I ate nothing but a banana'). Compared to だけ, しか～ない emphasizes the limitation or lack of other options more strongly.

だけ conveys the meaning of 'only' or 'just.' だけしか is a more emphatic expression, comparable to the English 'nothing but.' In addition to the increased emphasis, だけしか has more limited usage. While だけ can be used after nouns, verbs, and adjectives, だけしか is typically used only after nouns and is almost always followed by a negative verb (similar to the base しか～ない pattern).

だけ conveys 'only' or 'just.' In contrast, のみならず is a formal expression similar to だけじゃなく, meaning 'not only A, but also B.' While だけ expresses limitation, のみならず emphasizes a lack of restriction. Note that while だけ is commonly used in both everyday speech and writing, のみならず is more formal and typically limited to written language or formal speech.

だけ conveys the meaning of 'only' or 'just.' だけで is the combination of だけ with the particle で to convey the idea of manner or means by which something is done. だけで expresses 'just by' or 'merely with' (literally, 'with/using only A'). It typically follows either nouns or verbs, suggesting that the thing or action was the only thing needed to achieve a certain result.

だけ conveys the meaning of 'only' or 'just.' だけで is the combination of だけ with the particle で, conveying the idea of the manner or means by which something is done. だけで expresses 'just by' or 'merely with' (literally, 'with/using only A'). It typically follows either nouns or verbs, suggesting that the thing or action was the only thing needed to achieve a certain result.

Both ばかり and だけ express limitation, similar to 'only,' but with different nuances. 漫画だけ読んだ means '(He) read only comic books,' while 漫画ばかり読んだ implies '(He) read nothing but comic books,' with a suggestion that other reading would be better. だけ connects to the dictionary form, while ばかり connects to the verb's て form.

だけ means 'only' or 'just,' while きり has a more specific nuance. After a past tense verb, きり suggests a permanent change after an event. For example, 日本に行ったきり、戻ってこなかった means 'Once (he) went to Japan, he never returned.' When used after a number + counter (e.g. 一人きり), it emphasizes 'nothing more, nothing less.'