文法の説明

N2 レッスン 9: 18/23

~てならないVery, Extremely, Can't help but do

使い方・接続

Verb[て]+ ならない
[い]Adjective[て]+ ならない
[な]Adjective + で + ならない

詳細

  • 使用域

    硬い

  • あまり見かけない漢字

    成らない

「てならない」の情報

てならない is a construction made up of the て-form of a verb or adjective (で for な-Adjectives), and the negated form of the う-Verb なる, 'to become'. This expression describes the word that is attached to it as being 'extremely (A)', or that one 'can't help but do (A)'.

In most cases, てならない will be used when (A) is something that occurs naturally, such as feelings. Due to this, a more literal translation is close to 'to not be able to move on from (A)'. In this way, it just indicates that (A) is so intense that the person affected by it cannot do anything about it.

Caution

In addition to being spontaneous and uncontrollable, (A) will almost always be something that is ongoing, rather than just being momentary.

例文

--:--

    詐欺(さぎ)にあった()がしてならない

    I can't help but feel it was a scam.

    あんなコレクションは無駄(むだ)(おも)えてならない

    I cannot help but think that that collection is worthless.

    去年(きょねん)あなたと()紅葉(こうよう)(おも)()されてならない

    I can't help but remember the fall colors I saw with you last year.

    この毛皮(けがわ)(あつ)くてならない

    This fur is extremely warm. (I can't help but feel...)

    明日(あした)見学(けんがく)(たの)しみでならない

    I can't help but look forward to tomorrow's field trip.

  • ご登録いただくと、より多くの例文にアクセスできます。

    プレミアムユーザーは全文法ポイントに含まれる12個の例文にアクセスすることできます。

自作の例文

自分なりの勉強をする!

文章を追加し、Bunproの文章と一緒に勉強する。

「てならない」に関する文法ディスカッション

最近の返信 (合計10件)

  • Pushindawood

    Pushindawood

    very
    extremely
    can’t help but do

    Structure

    • Verb[ ] + ならない
    • いAdj[ くて ] + ならない
    • なAdj + で + ならない

    [Mostly used with adjectives that describe feelings]

    View on Bunpro

  • s1212z

    s1212z

    How interchange is て仕方がない with the examples sentences, at least for the “can’t help but”?

    This is hard to feel the translations because these seem like 3 different degrees intensity in one grammar point. I’m reading a “beyond control” type of meaning but ‘very’ and ‘extremely’ doesn’t seem match it. Are there varieties in meaning or is it just translation choices?

  • mrnoone

    mrnoone

    てしようがない、てしょうがない てならない てたまらない are all very similar, to the point of almost completely overlapping in the way they are used.

    All of those express extreme physiological and psychical feelings that are of extreme degree, cannot be controlled, etc.
    It is important to mention that those are “private” expressions, so they are used to express feelings of speaker/writer. If you want to talk about other people extreme feelings you have to use らしい、ようだ, etc.

    First of all,
    てならない is a domain of people around 40, or even 50+ years old. It is much less often used by a younger generation. You can see it more often in literature, etc.

    The most common expressions nowadays are てたまらない、てしようがない、てしょうがない、て仕方がない、てしかない。

    てしうがない is a casual expression and is mostly used in casual conversations.
    Other than that, it is completely identical in meaning with てしようがない and てしかたがない.

    Now, lets come to differences. However, even though I say differences, th...

  • s1212z

    s1212z

    Another very thorough response, thank you! Nice list, I think I’ve seen most but was unfamiliar with all these nuances.

    This helps ‘lock in’ the grammar point, particular given it’s a 1st person expression only

  • s1212z

    s1212z

    Unrelated to our previous discussion, ずにはいられない has mention of てならない as a hint/warning but there is nothing for ずにはいられない. I would post this in the bug section but I’m entirely confident (there may be a nuance I’m missing). Is this interchangeable?

  • ljoekelsoey

    ljoekelsoey

    @s1212z , did you ever find if this was completely interchangeable or not?

  • s1212z

    s1212z

    It would need to be 気せずにはいられない but the が is locked here as part of the example, otherwise I believe it would be interchangeable.

  • mrnoone

    mrnoone

    @ljoekelsoey @s1212z

    To be honest, I would stick to てならない in this example.

    ずにはいられない is generally used in contexts when one wants to do something so bad that they cannot control themselves. Expresses strong impulse.
    I would say that average Japanese would not really understand what one means by:
    詐欺にあった気にせずにはいられない。

    てならない is more generic.
    詐欺にあった気がしてならない。

    I hope it helps,
    Cheers!

  • simias

    simias

    I’m really confused by this point because I don’t really understand the underlying concept of the Japanese construction.

    To take one of the examples discussed previously here:

    詐欺にあった気がしてならない。

    I think that a very literal word-for-word translation would be something like “it can’t become that I feel that it was a fraud” or something like that, but this seems to imply the opposite of what it actually means.

    I actually first encountered this point outside of Bunpro in a videogame I was playing, and I had to look it up here because I couldn’t make sense of it even in context since it seemed to say the opposite of what it’s actually saying.

    I don’t get where this negative is coming from and how this expression came to mean that.

  • nekoyama

    nekoyama

    I don’t think this works as a literal translation, the two parts aren’t linked in this fashion.

  • simias

    simias

    Yeah I noticed that dictionaries would have a separate item specifically for this use, but it’s quite funny as a result because it seems like the word says one thing and its opposite:

「てならない」について質問がありますか? 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう!

ディスカッションに参加する