Structure
Verb[ます]+ たまえ
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Formal
About たまえ
Originally coming from the う-Verb 給う 'to give', or 'to bestow', the imperative form たまえ may be seen attached to the ます-stem of verbs, in order to create a light order. It is often translated simply as 'please do (A)'.
Despite this, たまえ is a structure that is only used to someone of lower status than the speaker, and primarily only by men. This 'lower status relationship' is usually one that is obvious between both the speaker and the listener, such as a boss and subordinate.
Fun-fact
In the past, たまえ was sometimes used to ask for favors or for wishes to be granted in prayers. However, this use will primarily only be seen in books in the modern era.
- 我らに罪をおかす者を、我らがゆるすごとく、我らの罪をもゆるしたまえ。Forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us.
Antonyms
Examples
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勉強をやりたまえ。
Study! (bossy command)
上司:「これを、明日までに終えたまえ。」
Boss: 'Finish this by tomorrow.' (bossy command)
「神様、豊穣の願いをかなえたまえ。」
'God, please grant us an abundant harvest!'
(outdated way of asking a favor/praying・can also be a command)
オフィスの中で:「次の人、入りたまえ。」
In the office: 'Next person, come in.' (bossy command)
A:「何て、言ったの。」B:「お前にうんざりだ!うちの会社をとっとと辞めたまえ!って言ったんだよ。」
A: 'What did he say?' B: 'He said: 'I am fed up with you. Leave my company at once!'' (bossy command)
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