Struktur
Verb［ない］+ で
Rincian
Standard
Tentang ないで
There are two primary ways in which ないで is used with verbs in Japanese. The first is to express 'without doing (A), (B)'. The second is to request that someone 'not do (A)'. We will examine the first in this write-up.
ないで is a combination of the auxiliary verb ない, and the particle で. Due to this, で keeps its standard meaning of 'with/by', in relation to 'not' doing something.
When ないで is used to express that '(A) has not been done before doing (B)', this is usually contrary to some kind of expectation. Because of this, ないで is often used to express something that may be surprising to the listener.
Caution
Be careful of the following two structures:
(A) ないで (B) - Without doing (A), (B).
(A) なくて (B) - Without doing (A), (B).
Technically, these two constructions share a similar meaning. However, in modern Japanese ないで is used more frequently when the (B) action is being highlighted as being done without (A). On the other hand, なくて is used when (A) is being given as a reason for why something else was/wasn't done.
Antonim
Terkait
Contoh
--:--
休まないで仕事をする。
To work without taking a break.
「後悔しないで生きたい。」
'I want to live without regret.'
「あの人は便所から手を洗わないで出てきたんだよ。」
'That person left the toilet without washing their hands!'
夕食を食べないで、寝る。
To go to bed without eating dinner.
「昨日、うちの娘は頭をぶつけたけど、泣かないで『大丈夫だよ』とだけ言ったんだ。本当に驚いた。」
'Yesterday, my daughter hit her head, but without crying, she just said 'I'm fine.' I was really surprised.'
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ないで – Diskusi Tata Bahasa
Balasan Terbaru (total 15)
mrnoone
Hey
You are correct:+1:
ないで is not necessarily prohibitive, it means “…not, and…” or “…without…”. It is basically used to connect two clauses, like て form.
Though it is used in ...
Meatdog
Can we get some examples for this grammar point when it expresses “The second is to request that someone ‘not do (A)’.”?
Every example sentence I’ve found ultimately fits in the first grammar point “The first is to express ‘without doing (A), (B)’.”
What would an example of a request to no do (A) look like?
IcyIceBear
言わないで（ください）
Don’t say it (please)
Punya pertanyaan tentang ないで? Yuk, bergabung dan ikutan berdiskusi, bertanya, serta belajar bareng!
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