ばかりHanya, Semata-mata, Tidak ada selain

ばかり means 'only' or 'nothing but', emphasizing exclusivity, e.g. 甘いものばかり食べている ('He eats nothing but sweets.'). ばかりでなく means 'not only…but also', adding inclusivity, e.g. 甘いものばかりでなく野菜も食べなさい ('Don't eat only sweets, but vegetables too.').

ばかり dan しか～ない sama-sama dapat berarti 'hanya' atau 'tidak ada yang lain selain', tetapi penggunaannya berbeda. ばかり digunakan dengan bentuk kata kerja afirmatif dan sering memberi kesan berlebihan atau terlalu sering. Misalnya, 漫画ばかり読む berarti 'hanya membaca manga' dengan nuansa melakukannya terus-menerus. Sebaliknya, しか～ない digunakan dengan kata kerja negatif dan menyatakan 'tidak ada selain' secara lebih objektif, tanpa menyiratkan kebiasaan berlebihan. Misalnya, 漫画しか読まない hanya menyatakan bahwa tidak ada yang dibaca selain manga.

ばかり emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'only' or 'nothing but', e.g. 肉ばかり食べている ('He eats nothing but meat'). だけでなく～も expresses inclusion, meaning 'not only…but also', e.g. 肉だけでなく野菜も食べている ('He eats not only meat but also vegetables'). Compared to だけ, ばかり often carries a stronger nuance of excess or doing something too much.

ばかり means 'only' or 'just', often with a neutral or excessive nuance, e.g. 寝てばかりいる ('He does nothing but sleep'). ばかりに adds a nuance of regret, expressing that something bad happened solely because of one reason, e.g. 寝坊したばかりに電車に乗り遅れた ('I missed the train just because I overslept').

ばかり means 'only' or 'just', often suggesting repetition or excess, e.g. 文句ばかり言っている ('He does nothing but complain.'). ばかりだ builds on that to express that a situation continues to worsen or progress in one direction, e.g. 状況は悪くなるばかりだ ('The situation keeps getting worse.').

ばかり and だけしか are similar in that both can express limitation, but ばかり emphasizes the idea of excessiveness of a single thing, e.g. 漫画ばかり読む 'do nothing but read manga', while だけしか emphatically stresses insufficiency, e.g. 千円だけしかない ('I have only 1,000 yen.').

Both describe a situation dominated by repeated or excessive actions, but the nuance differs. わ〜わ（で） emphasizes noisy, uncontrolled, or emotionally charged repetition, often highlighting disorder or annoyance, as in 子どもたちが泣くわ叫ぶわで大変だった ('The children were crying and shouting nonstop, and it was a mess.'). ばかり focuses on one action happening repeatedly or continuing in the same direction, often with frustration or resignation, as in 彼は文句言ってばかりいる ('He does nothing but complain.').

Both ばかり and だけ express limitation, similar to 'only,' but with different nuances. 漫画だけ読んだ means '(He) read only comic books,' while 漫画ばかり読んだ implies '(He) read nothing but comic books,' with a suggestion that other reading would be better. だけ connects to the dictionary form, while ばかり connects to the verb's て form.