Infos sur Grammaire

N5 Leçon 9: 12/13

なくちゃ・なきゃMust do, Have to do

Common abbreviations

Structure

Verb[ない] + きゃ(1) + いけない
Verb[ない] + くちゃ+ いけない

(1) なけりゃ

Détails

  • Classe grammaticale

    Expression

  • Type de mot

    Informal Speech

  • Niveau de langue

    Casual

À propos de なくちゃ・なきゃ

なくちゃ (short for なくては), and なきゃ (short for なければ) are the most common colloquial abbreviations used to convey that something 'must', or 'has to' be done.

Like てはいけない (must not), なくてはいけない (must), and なくてはならない (must), these abbreviation forms can be followed by いけない, ならない, or だめ. However, they are usually omitted, without changing the meaning.

Structures like this are referred to as spoken/colloquial language. These casual variations can come across in a very similar way to words like 'gotta' in English.

In these examples, a variety of forms have been used naturally. There is no 'most natural' form, and it will often depend on the speaker as to which they choose.

As with almost all grammatical structures, the shortest variations (not including いけない, etc.) are the most casual/used the most often.

There are several other ways that these common abbreviations can appear based on region, or even an individual speaker's preference. An example of this is なけりゃ, which is a (very) casual form of なければ.

In this example, we can see that some of these less common variations are used specifically by certain genders (in general). なけりゃ itself tends to be used by male speakers, and may be considered a bit rougher than なきゃ, or なくちゃ, which can be used by anybody.

Synonymes


Antonymes



Exemples

--:--

    日本語(にほんご)勉強(べんきょう)しなくちゃいけない

    Tu dois étudier le japonais.

    (あつ)ので(みず)()まなきゃいけない

    Comme il fait chaud, tu dois boire del'eau.

    もっと文法(ぶんぽう)勉強(べんきょう)しなくちゃいけない

    Je dois étudier plus de grammaire.

    ()いに()かなきゃいけない

    Je dois aller faire les courses.

    明日(あした)テストだから、もっと勉強(べんきょう)しなくちゃいけない

    Comme il y a un test demain, je dois étudier plus.

  • Obtenez plus d'exemples !

    Les utilisateurs Premium ont accès à 12 phrases d'exemple pour chaque point de grammaire.

Phrases personnalisées

Étudiez à votre manière !

Ajoutez vos propres phrases et étudiez-les avec celles de Bunpro.

  • En ligne

      Aucune ressource En ligne listée pour 「なくちゃ・なきゃ」.

      Vous pouvez . Les ressources sont mises à jour régulièrement, revenez plus tard pour découvrir les nouveautés !


    • Hors ligne

        Aucune ressource Hors ligne listée pour 「なくちゃ・なきゃ」.

        Vous pouvez . Les ressources sont mises à jour régulièrement, revenez plus tard pour découvrir les nouveautés !

      • Suivez vos ressources !

        Bunpro garde une trace des ressources que vous avez consultées, et propose des marque-pages utiles pour suivre vos lectures hors ligne.

      なくちゃ・なきゃ – Discussion Grammaire

      Réponses les plus récentes (31 au total)

      • Marcus

        Marcus

        I know I was in this thread asking pretty much the same question nearly four years ago, but I stopped studying for a long time. The reason I stopped is because it’s all just so very difficult! And here we go again. I hate hate hate grammar, and especially this grammar point, but this time I’m determined to fight my way through it. But I need your help!

        So, I added a self-study sentence from an anime I’m watching, but then had a thought… of course I added the answer from the anime, but I wondered what other answers would be possible here?

      • Marcus

        Marcus

        Yet another question if I may!

        The question asks for: “colloquial short form of ば*て+いく”

      • Charlotte_Bulman

        Charlotte_Bulman

        Is this in the wrong place? When I go through to Maggie sensei’s link provided in the notes she has tagged this as N3 level grammar!

      Des questions à propos de なくちゃ・なきゃ ? Rejoignez-nous pour discuter, poser vos questions et apprendre ensemble !

      Rejoindre la discussion