Verb[ない]+と+いけない/ならない is also used to express duty or necessity.
なければならない
Must do, Have to do
Structure
Verb[ない] + なければ + ならない Verb[ない] + なきゃ + ならない
Détails
Niveau de langue
Formal
À propos de なければならない
Like なければいけない, なければならない is a structure that implies that something 'must be done'. However, it is important to remember that this is actually a double negative, and therefore means 'If (A) is not done, it cannot become', or more simply '(A) cannot not be done'.
To make this construction, the auxiliary verb ない will need to be conjugated with ば, creating なければ (if not). After this, ならない (to not become) will be added to the end.
As we learned in the なきゃ lesson, なければ may be shortened to なきゃ. This structure is frequently used, either with or without the added ならない.
Caution
While いけない (to not be able to go) and ならない (to not become) are quite similar, ならない will rarely be used outside of formal situations, or in writing. Due to this, いけない will be heard much more frequently in speech (when it is not omitted).
Synonymes
Antonymes
Contenu lié
Exemples
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先生の話を聞かなければならないよ。
You have to listen to the teacher (talk).
髪の毛が長いから、切らなければならない。
My hair is long, so I have to cut it.
飛行機に乗りたいなら、空港に行かなければならない。
If you want to ride an airplane, you have to go to the airport.
新しいノートを買わなければならないかもしれない。
I might have to buy a new notebook.
日本語が上手になりたいから、勉強をしなければならない。
I want to become proficient in Japanese, so I have to study.
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I’m actually going to skip this grammar point because I already knew about it and the lesson doesn’t add any knowledge about differences between it and なければいけない other than the increased formality going into ならない. Maybe would be worth it bringing up how the latter can suggest more having external influences causing the necessity than the former.
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