筈(はず)だBound to (be), Expected to (be), Should be (able)

はずだ expresses an assumption or expectation based on reason or context, e.g. 雨が降るはずだ ('It should rain.'). In contrast, べきではない expresses a strong sense of moral or social obligation not to do something, e.g. 嘘をつくべきではない ('You shouldn't lie.').

These forms are opposites. はずだ expresses positive expectation, as in 来るはずだ ('He should come.'), while はずがない strongly denies a possibility based on logic or knowledge, as in 来るはずがない ('There's no way he'll come.'). Both are grounded in reasoning, but the conclusions differ.

つもりだ s'utilise pour exprimer des intentions ou des plans personnels, un peu comme « je compte » ou « j'ai l'intention de » en français. En revanche, はずだ exprime une attente ou une croyance que quelque chose va se passer, basée sur la logique ou des preuves. Alors que つもりだ est subjectif et se réfère souvent aux propres plans de l'orateur, はずだ est plus objectif et est utilisé pour des attentes concernant d'autres personnes ou des événements en dehors du contrôle de l'orateur.

Both express logical conclusions, but with different emphasis. はずだ conveys expectation or prediction, as in 来るはずだ ('He should come.'). わけだ explains a reason behind something known or observed, like 来るわけだ ('So that's why he's coming.'). はずだ leans future-oriented, わけだ explanatory.

はずだ conveys a specific expectation or prediction based on current evidence, like 雨が降るはずだ ('It should rain.'). ものだ expresses a general rule or common tendency, like 雨は春によく降るものだ ('It often rains in spring.'). The former is situational, while the latter is habitual or cultural.

はずだ expresses confident expectation, as in 雨が降るはずだ ('It should rain.'). たらいい and といい express hope or desire without implying it will happen, e.g. 雨が降るといい ('I hope it rains.'). The difference lies in expectation vs. wish. Thus, といい is often used even when the speaker is not confident the thing will happen.

はずだ indicates something is expected based on information or logic, as in 行けるはずだ ('I should be able to go.'). ばいい expresses hope or a hypothetical good outcome, like 行ければいい ('It'd be nice if I could go.'). One is based on reasoning, the other on desire.

はずだ and べき can both be translated as 'should', but they differ in nuance. はずだ expresses an expectation based on evidence or reasoning, like 明日来るはずだ ('He should come tomorrow.'). In contrast, べき expresses obligation or social correctness, as in 来るべきだ ('You should come.').

Both can describe future events, but differ in source. はずだ shows the speaker's expectation, like 来るはずだ ('He should come.'). ことになっている refers to something officially decided, often outside the speaker's control. For example, 来ることになっている ('It has been decided that he will come.')