御座(ござ)いますTo be, To exist (Polite)

Most Recent Replies (10 in total)

• 

  Pushindawood

  to be
  to exist (humble)

  Structure

  • ある → ございます

  View on Bunpro

• 

  PowerAWBS

  This may seem kind of silly,

  But does anyone know why ありがとうある is not a thing? Since ありがとうございます is the current usage.

• 

  nekoyama

  ありがたい is an い-adjective, therefore it would be ありがたくある if you wanted to use it with ある. Nobody does this because the whole point of the い form is that it’s not needed. And nobody uses あります for this either, because why would you deliberately make a set phrase less polite.

  The う conjugation of い-adjectives is only used when the following word is ございます.

• 

  mrnoone

  @PowerAWBS

  Like @nekoyama said.
  ありがとう is the adverbial form of adjective which modern form is ありがたい.

  In the past the adverbial form shifted from く to う, but after some time it returned to く again, so most of the adjectives have く adverbial form like 早い->早く.

  However, some adverbs that were used often didn’t return to く (this is often the case, that’s why many very often used words in numerous languages have strange conjugations). For this reason, we are using ありがとう in ありがとうございます phrase. Other examples are おはよう and おめでとう.

• 

  PowerAWBS

  This is pretty interesting~

  Thank you @mrnoone and @nekoyama!

• 

  RhinoINK

  I noticed that with the example sentence “時間が [humble/polite] ので、ごゆっくり。”, you’re supposed to use “ございます”, which got me thinking.

  I was taught that before “ので” you should use dictionary-form, but while it seems that “ござるので” is used, it’s a lot less common than “ございますので”

  I guess it’s a politeness thing, but as a general rule, is ます form preffered in humble speech where there’s a choice- would it sound weird to use the dictionary form here?

  Likewise, should I be ignoring the dict-form ので rule for polite speech, or would ますので sound too stuffy if you’re just talking to a stranger who is not superior?

  (Sorry if this is the wrong place to ask!)

• 

  mrnoone

  @RhinoINK
  Hey

  When we have AexpressionB, then if an expression is が or けれども and you want to make it polite, then you should use polite forms in A and B.

  If the expression is から、ので、けど and you want to make it polite, then you can (but don’t have to) use polite forms in A.
  If you are for example working in a shop or talking to your superior then polite A is quite common. If you are just talking to a random stranger on a street then the short form is more common. From the point of view of politeness (and grammar) either you choose is fine.

  With those expressions there is no need to worry about being too polite
  I hope it helps,
  Cheers!

• 

  RhinoINK

  Hey! Thank you for taking the time to reply, that was really clear and helpful

• 

  Adarain

  Is “humble” actually the correct descriptor here? My understanding is that “humble” is usually used to refer to keigo verbs that indicate an action done by the in-group (e.g. you or your company) in order to downplay your own importance. Verbs like 参る (humble form of 行く、来る) or おる (humble form of いる). On the other hand, ございます is a neutral polite verb that is used without regards for whether the referent is related to the in-group or out-group (and usually is neither anyway because ございます, like its non-keigo counterpart ある refers to inanimate subjects).
• 

  onechad

  I came in here to see if this very question had been asked. Even the Tae Kim article linked under Readings says this:

  It is neither honorific nor humble but it is a step above 「ある」 in politeness.

• 

  suppeppo

  Okay, so I think I have an answer regarding this whole ござる situation (even if this answer might be a bit late lol). This will basically have to be small dive into humble language as a whole so here goes.

  Basically, the ‘humble’ language 謙譲語 has two parts; one is for describing actions you do that in some way or another involve the person you are doing something to/for, and the other is for when you are only describing your own actions, but want to be extra polite in your speaking.

  The first form, which is what most people probably think about when you say 謙譲語 is 謙譲語１, which includes the お～する pattern as well as some specific verbs. The second form, which can be called either 謙譲語２ (or 丁重語) only contains a handful of verbs.

  The verbs which belong to 謙譲語２ are: 致す, 申す, 参る, おる, ござる, and 存じる.

  Now, just as 尊敬語 can be used in plain form if you’re close to the person you’re talking to, e.g. 「今日、先生、いっらしゃる？」 this also applies to 謙譲語１, but not