Structure
いる・くる・いく ￫ いらっしゃる
Verb［ている］ ￫ Verb［て］+ いらっしゃる
Conjugations
Verb［る］ ￫ いらっしゃる
Verb［ない］ ￫ いらっしゃらない
Verb［た］ ￫ いらっしゃった
Verb［なかった］ ￫ いらっしゃらなかった
Details
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About いらっしゃる
いらっしゃる is another of the common honorific language expressions in Japanese. This means that it elevates the status of another person, in order to pay them respect. It will never be used when referring to the speaker themselves, or their own actions.
いらっしゃる can be used to replace 居る 'to be', 来る 'to come', or 行く 'to go'. This is due to the unique perspective that honorific language places the speaker in, in relation to the person that is being respected. This is a slightly advanced concept that we will discuss more later.
To use いらっしゃる, simply replace いる, くる, or いく with いらっしゃる.
Alternatively, いらっしゃる may also be used to replace いる, くる, or いく when they are attached to the て-form of another verb.
Fun Fact
おいでになる is another expression which can replace いる, くる, or いく. This was briefly examined previously in our お～になる grammar point. おいでになる and いらっしゃる are almost completely interchangable.
Related
Examples
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分からない人はいらっしゃいますか。
Is there anyone who doesn't understand?
お客さんがいらっしゃいました。
A customer came.
いらっしゃい(ませ)！
Welcome!
先にいらっしゃったんですが。
He was here, but...
鈴木様はもういらっしゃらないですか。
Is Suzuki-sama no longer here?
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Honorific and Humble Forms
Tae Kim
いらっしゃる
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Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar
Page 36
Genki II 1st Edition
Page 138
Genki II 2nd Edition
Page 168
Tae Kim's Japanese Grammar Guide
Page 224
みんなの日本語 II
Page 150 [CH 49]
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いらっしゃる – Grammar Discussion
Most Recent Replies (18 in total)
steffuld
Hi! Is this the word used in 行ってらっしゃい? If so, what verb does it replace? Is it 来る, meaning imperative “(you) go and come back”? Or is it いる, meaning something like “be gone (respectfully)”?
Given that we have 行って来ます with 来ます in it, the former seems more likely, but I am still curious
Fuga
Hey @steffuld !
Yes this is the word used in いってらっしゃい！ This word is the combination of 行く in the て-form, and いらっしゃる in its imperative form! Although いらっしゃい is the imperative form and the meaning is close to ‘come’, it has a more welcoming nuance compared to the imperative form of 来る (来い). So a direct translation of いってらっしゃい would be ‘Go and come back home (we will welcome you home)’.
I hope this answers your question!
steffuld
It does! Thank you so much for the explanation!
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