<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='652'>時（とき）</span><strong>すでに</strong>遅（おそ）し。

<strong>すでに</strong>知（し）っているかもしれませんが、確認（かくにん）のために<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='231'>もう一度（いちど）</span>聞（き）いてください。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='254'>一番（いちばん）</span>乗（の）りだと思（おも）ったら、<strong>すでに</strong>先客（せんきゃく）がいた。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='349'>僕（ぼく）</span>もメンバーに立候補（りっこうほ）しようと思（おも）っていたのですが、<strong>すでに</strong>決（き）まっていました。

<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='42' data-vocab-id='230'>もう</span><strong>すでに</strong><span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='56'>お腹（なか）</span>いっぱいで、<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='5' data-vocab-id='95'>これ</span>以上（いじょう）は食（た）べられない。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='349'>僕（ぼく）</span>が来（き）た<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='652'>時（とき）</span>には、<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='1051'>電気（でんき）</span>は<strong>すでに</strong>つけてあった。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='633'>旅行（りょこう）</span>に<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='26' data-vocab-id='935'>行（い）く</span>ための<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='321'>休（やす）み</span>は<strong>すでに</strong>取（と）りました。

<span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='37' data-vocab-id='148'>その</span>アドレスは<strong>すでに</strong>使（つか）われているので、<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='1013'>違（ちが）う</span>のにしてください。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='972'>あなた</span>の席（せき）は<strong>すでに</strong><span class='gp-popout vocab-popout' data-gp-id='14' data-vocab-id='88'>ここ</span>と決（き）まっています。

<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='1052'>電話（でんわ）</span>料金（りょうきん）は<strong>すでに</strong>払（はら）い終（お）えました。

焼（や）きたての<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='200'>パン</span>を買（か）おうとした<span class='vocab-popout' data-vocab-id='652'>時（とき）</span>には<strong>すでに</strong>売（う）り切（き）れでした。

<div class='writeup-body'>As a formal alternative to もう, the <span class='info-highlight' data-term='副詞・ふくし'>adverb</span> 既（すで）に is used in Japanese as 'already'. Usually, 既（すで）に will come at the beginning of a phrase that it is clarifying as being 'already (A)'.<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>お湯（ゆ）は<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span>わい<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='764'>ている</span>。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>The hot water is already boiled.</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'><span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span>お支払（しはら）い済（ず）み<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='2'>です</span>。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>It has already been paid for.</div></li></ul><span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span> has several nuances in Japanese beyond just 'already', let's take a look at a few of these possibilities:<br>のこらず - Nothing remaining.<br>あまねく - All around.<br>ことごとく - Altogether.<br>もはや - Already.<br>まぎれもなく - Beyond doubt.<br>These may all seem quite different, but together they show the full meaning of 既（すで）に very clearly. That meaning is 'to be completely unchanging'. Let's take a look at how <span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span> can be used with each of these nuances.<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>もう<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span>チケットは売（う）り切（き）れ<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='2'>です</span>。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>The tickets are already sold out. (Nothing remains)</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>彼（かれ）は<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span>国民（こくみん）<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='52'>から</span>名前（なまえ）<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='21'>を</span>忘（わす）れられ<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='764'>ている</span>。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>His name has already been forgotten by the citizens. (Universal opinion)</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>彼（かれ）は<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span>みんな<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='955'>と</span>仲良（なかよ）くなっ<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='136'>ていた</span>。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>He was already becoming friends with absolutely everyone. (Altogether)</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>さっき食（た）べ<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='165'>たばかり</span>な<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='130'>のに</span>、もう<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span>お腹（なか）<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='10'>が</span>空（す）い<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='128'>てきた</span>。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>I just ate earlier, but I am already starting to get hungry. (Already)</div></li><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'><span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='5'>これ</span>は<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span>決（き）まった事（こと）な<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='62'>ので</span>、<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='42'>もう</span>私達（わたしたち）じゃ何（なに）もでき<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='51'>ません</span>。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>It is beyond doubt that this has been decided, so we can't do anything about it. (Beyond doubt)</div></li></ul><div class='writeup-caution'><div class='caution-header'>Caution</div>Due to 既（すで）に implying something absolutely cannot be changed, it is often used to imply that something is 'too late', and that nothing else can be done about it.<ul class='writeup-examples--holder'><li class='writeup-example'><div class='writeup-example--japanese'>電車（でんしゃ）は<span class='gp-popout' data-gp-id='484'>すでに</span>出発（しゅっぱつ）しました。</div><div class='writeup-example--english'>The train has left already. (And there is nothing we can do about it)</div></li></ul></div></div>

Grammar Info

既(すで)に

Already, too late