Structure
Verb[ない]+ ぬ
Verb[ない]+ ぬ + Noun
Exceptions:
する → せぬ
くる → こぬ
いる → おらぬ
Details
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Standard
About ぬ
ぬ is the attributive form of ず, a classical auxiliary verb that is used for negation like ない, and connects to verbs in the same way.
As ぬ is the attributive form of ず, it may be seen modifying nouns that directly follow it. However, this use is not common in modern times, and in many cases it will be used as part of set expressions that have not changed in the time since ない became the far more widely used structure for negation. Alternatively, it may just be used for artistic expression, or to make a character seem 'classical'.
In the case that the verb being negated is いる, the old fashion おる will be modified to おらぬ instead.
Alternatively, する will be negated as せぬ, and くる will be negated as こぬ. This is consistent with the standard conjugation patterns seen with the use of ず.
Examples
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「愚か者、男には殺せぬのだ。」
'Fool, no man can kill me.'
こちらでは性による差別は許可されておらぬ。
Sex discrimination is not permitted here.
ペーネロペー:「オデュッセウスはまだ戻ってこぬのか?」
Penelope: 'Odysseus has not returned yet?'
「隅に置けぬ人」というのは「侮れない人」ということなのだ。
'A person who (can't be placed) in a corner' means 'a person who cannot be taken lightly'.
上司は部下が向上できるように、至らぬ点を教えてあげるべきだ。
A superior should tell his/her subordinates where they fall short so that they can improve.
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Classical negative verbs
Tae Kim
ず vs. ぬ
Japanese StackExchange
浮かぬ顔
Japanese Naturally... By Mizue Sasaki
Offline
A Handbook of Japanese Grammar Patterns
Page 493
Tae Kim's Japanese Grammar Guide
Page 282
Tobira
Page 260
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