Grammar Info

Non-JLPT Lesson 1: 13/13

むずShall, Isn't it?, I wonder

Structure

Verb[ない] + むず(1)

(1)んず、むずれ、むずる

Details

  • Standard

About むず

むず is a combination and abbreviation of the classical auxiliary verb む, the case marking particle と, and す, from standard する verbs. む was used primarily for indicating conjecture or strong will in a similar way to the modern う or よう. Due to this, depending on the context, it may be translated as either 'I shall (A)', or 'Isn't it (A)?'

むず is almost exclusively seen in very old texts, so it is likely that the surrounding grammar will also be in forms primarily used in classical Japanese.

むず will attach to the negative stem of the verbs that they are modifying.

Occasionally, む will be replaced with ん, creating んず.

むずる and むずれ are also possible to see. The former is the attributive form, while the latter is the realis, or indeterminate form.

Vocab Coverage

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Examples

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  • 道険(みちけわ)しくとも、(こころざし)ひとつにて(すす)みゆかむず

    Even if the way is treacherous, I shall go on with resolve.

  • (はな)()(さそ)はれしは、(はな)(せい)ならんず

    That which was enticed by the scent of flowers must be the spirit of spring.

  • (つき)()()ちて、(ふで)()りて()(しる)さむず

    Waiting for the moon to rise, I shall take up my brush and I shall make a record of it.

  • (はる)便(たよ)()たれし(ころ)、そなたに(ふみ)(おく)らむず(おも)()ちぬ。

    Around the time I was awaiting spring tidings, I resolved that I shall send a letter to you.

  • 月明(つきあ)かりのもとにて、(ふたた)()わむずという(ちぎ)り、(わす)れはせぬ。

    I shall not forget our vow that we shall be reunited under the light of the moon.

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