Grammar Info

N1 Lesson 3: 18/18

(さかい)After (that moment), From (that time)

Structure

Noun + (さかい)
Noun + (さかい)にして

Details

    About を境に

    (さかい)に is a somewhat formal phrase used when a notable change has occurred. It is made up of the case-marking particle を, the noun (さかい) (meaning 'boundary' or 'border'), and the case-marking particle に. It may also be seen as を(さかい)にして, with the て-form of する.

    (さかい)に can be taken to more literally mean 'with (A) as a border', and is most often used with significant or radical changes, emphasizing a clear before and after, relative to a single point in time. As would be expected due to the use of the case-marking particle を, を(さかい)に will directly follow a noun.

    (さかい)に is commonly seen with points in time, however it may also be seen with specific events or things which have a clear 'border', such as specific sums of money, in some contexts.

    Examples

    --:--

    • あの(わか)(さかい)(ぼく)たちは別々(べつべつ)(みち)(あゆ)(はじ)めた。

      After that parting, we started walking our separate paths.

      • 交通(こうつう)事故(じこ)(さかい)(かれ)運転(うんてん)一切(いっさい)しなくなりました。

        After the traffic accident, he completely stopped driving.

        • 30歳(さんじゅっさい)(さかい)食生活(しょくせいかつ)()(つか)うようになった。

          From the time I turned 30, I started paying attention to my diet.

          • (はる)(さかい)にして、クマは冬眠(とうみん)から目覚(めざ)めて活動(かつどう)再開(さいかい)します。

            From the time spring arrives, bears wake up from hibernation and resume their activities.

            • (ちち)定年(ていねん)退職(たいしょく)(さかい)人生(じんせい)(はつ)海外(かいがい)旅行(りょこう)()き、(みずか)らの価値観(かちかん)(おお)きく()わったようだ。

              After his retirement, my father went on his first overseas trip, and his personal values seemed to have greatly changed.

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