Grammar Info

N3 Lesson 8: 18/23

(すで)Already, Too late

Structure

すでに + Phrase

Details

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    Formal

About すでに

As a formal alternative to もう, the adverb (すで)に is used in Japanese as 'already'. Usually, (すで)に will come at the beginning of a phrase that it is clarifying as being 'already (A)'.

すでに has several nuances in Japanese beyond just 'already', let's take a look at a few of these possibilities:

のこらず - Nothing remaining.

あまねく - All around.

ことごとく - Altogether.

もはや - Already.

まぎれもなく - Beyond doubt.

These may all seem quite different, but together they show the full meaning of (すで)に very clearly. That meaning is 'to be completely unchanging'. Let's take a look at how すでに can be used with each of these nuances.

Caution

Due to (すで)に implying something absolutely cannot be changed, it is often used to imply that something is 'too late', and that nothing else can be done about it.

Examples

--:--

    (とき)(すで)(おそ)し。

    You are already too late.

    電話(でんわ)料金(りょうきん)(すで)(はら)()えました。

    I have already paid the telephone bill.

    あなたの(せき)(すで)ここと()まっています。

    It has already been decided that your seat will be here.

    (ぼく)()(とき)には、電気(でんき)(すで)つけてあった。

    The light was already on when I arrived.

    旅行(りょこう)()くための(やす)みは(すで)()りました。

    I had already taken a day off for a trip.

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      すでに – Grammar Discussion