使い方・接続
Verb［て］+ しまう
Verb［て］ + ちゃう(1)
(1) じゃう(*)
(*) Used when Verb［て］ends with で
詳細
使用域
Standard
使用域
一般
「てしまう・ちゃう」の情報
By combining the conjunction particle て, with the verb しまう (sometimes written as 終う), you are able to express that something was done 'by accident', 'completely', or 'unfortunately'. These meanings may seem quite different, but we will discuss their similarities in a moment. Let's look at a few examples of てしまう first.
Sometimes, てしまう or でしまう will be shortened to a more casual form, which are often used in speech. These forms are as follows:
てしまう will become ちゃう
でしまう will become じゃう
Due to this 'cannot be avoided' nuance, しまう often comes across as 'totally', as in 'ah… I totally left the chicken in the oven for too long'. In these cases, it is simply expressing the speaker's exasperation that something is 'too late' to change. However, despite regularly being used negatively, てしまう can also be used positively. In these cases it still has the nuance of 'no turning back'.
- 私はすぐに道に迷ってしまう。Unfortunately, I easily get lost.
- 家にお菓子がいっぱいあると全部食べてしまうのでお菓子を買わないようにしている。When there are a lot of snacks in my house, I completely eat them all, so I try not to buy them.
- メニューにアイスクリームがあると頼んでしまう。When there is ice-cream on the menu, I unfortunately order it.
- 私はよく舌を噛んでしまう。I accidentally bite my tongue often.
Sometimes, てしまう or でしまう will be shortened to a more casual form, which are often used in speech. These forms are as follows:
てしまう will become ちゃう
でしまう will become じゃう
- 最近運動をしてないから太っちゃう。Recently, I haven't been exercising, so I'm totally going to get fat.
- 花が死んじゃうから、花を踏むな。Since the flowers will unfortunately die, don't step on them.
Fun Fact
While て終う is most frequently written in hiragana, て仕舞う may also be seen. There is a slight nuance difference between these two kanji structures, but the primary meaning of しまう will always be that 'something has come to the point where ending/ending up in a specific state cannot be avoided'. This 'no turning back point' may be temporary (likely to be written as 仕舞う), or it may be permanent (likely to be written as 終う).Due to this 'cannot be avoided' nuance, しまう often comes across as 'totally', as in 'ah… I totally left the chicken in the oven for too long'. In these cases, it is simply expressing the speaker's exasperation that something is 'too late' to change. However, despite regularly being used negatively, てしまう can also be used positively. In these cases it still has the nuance of 'no turning back'.
- ゲームを始める前に宿題を終わらせてしまおう！Let's completely finish my homework before I start playing video games! (I'm going to completely finish my homework before I start playing video games)
- 青木先輩、定時までに社長に頼まれたレポートを完成させてしまいましょうよ。Aoki senpai, let's completely finish the report that our boss has asked us to do before work is over.
同義語
反意語
例文
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傘を忘れてしまった。
I unfortunately forgot my umbrella. (I totally forgot my umbrella)
友達は私のケーキを食べてしまった。
My friend finished off my cake. (eaten completely)・(totally)
お皿が割れてしまった。
(Someone) accidentally broke a plate. (unfortunately・totally)
今出ないと遅れてしまうよ。
If you don't leave now, you will unfortunately be late. (totally)
ごめん！卵を全部使ってしまった。
Sorry! I completely used all the eggs. (Sorry! I totally used all the eggs)
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「てしまう・ちゃう」に関する文法ディスカッション
最近の返信 (合計24件)
Pablunpro
Hello!
I just saw Kaname Naito’s video on this grammar and thought it was quite clarifying. Would it be a good idea to add it to the オンライン section?
Thank you for your consideration, 良い一日を
xgc1986
Hi, for some reason it says my solution is wrong, is it wrong using the polite form or I am missing something?
Fuga
Hey @xgc1986 !
We have just added わすれてしまいました to the list of answers that would trigger a hint so that the it wouldn’t be counted as wrong!
「てしまう・ちゃう」について質問がありますか？ 話し合ったり、質問をしてみんなで学びましょう！
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