Grammar Info

N5 Lesson 2: 1/12

Subject marking particle, Identification particle

が emphasizes what comes before it, while は emphasizes what comes after it

Structure

Subject +

Details

  • Part of Speech

    Particle

  • Word Type

    Case Marking Particle

  • Register

    Standard

About が

is considered to be the subject marker in Japanese. This means that it marks someone or something that is performing an action, or it identifies someone or something as having a specific feature (this is usually a feature that the listener is not aware of).

In both of these sentences, puts focus on the thing performing an action/existing in some way (as opposed to any other thing). Because of this, is usually said to highlight what comes before it, while highlights what comes after it.

always shows the 'target' of a statement, when other targets also exist. This is why is used to describe situations that are happening either 'in the moment', or 'individually of other things'.

Because the group in this sentence is only one group out of many possible 'groups of people' that could be described, will be used.

Caution

is not usually used to describe something about yourself, unless you are intentionally describing yourself compared to other people. If you want to talk about yourself 'in general terms', will sound more natural (there are exceptions).

Examples

--:--

    (ちゃ)(つめ)です

    The tea is cold.

    (なに)いい

    What is good? (What would you like?)

    それいいです

    That is good. (That is what I would like)

    カレー(から)

    The curry is spicy. (The curry is the thing that is spicy)

    ()(たか)

    The tree is tall. (The tree is the thing that is tall)

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