In Japanese,
たり is a ‘conjunction particle’ that is used in exactly the same way as
て. However, instead of having the nuance of ‘then’, or ‘and’, it has the nuance of ‘and things like’. Basically, it is used for listing sequences of events that do not happen in a specific order.
The last
たり in any sequence will almost always be followed by
する (or
した for past tense).
-
休(やす)みの日(ひ)は家(いえ)でテレビを見(み)たり、寝(ね)たりする。
On my days off, I do things like watch tv and sleep at home.
-
飲(の)み会(かい)で食(た)べたり、飲(の)んだりした。
At the party, I did things like eat and drink.
From these examples we can see that
たり will sometimes be said as
だり. This happens with the same verbs that usually use だ for past tense (like 読(よ)んだ), or
で for the
て form ( like 泳(およ)いで). This will not change the meaning at all, and is only to help make the words easier to say.
To summarize, the difference between
て form, and
たり is as follows.
Events in order - I did (A)
て, (B)
て, (C)
て, (D) た.
Events in no specific order - I did (D)
たり, (B)
たり, (A)
たり, (C)
たりした.
たり is frequently used when there is only one verb in the sentence. This just means that the speaker did ‘things like (A)’, without specifically listing anything else.
-
昔(むかし)あそこの池(いけ)で泳(およ)いだりした。
In the past, I used to swim in that lake over there. (Among other things)
In cases where a
する verb is the last verb in a particular sequence,
たり will often be omitted.
-
勉強(べんきょう)をしたり、おやつを食(た)べたり、掃除(そうじ)もします。
I do things like study, eat snacks, and also clean. (In no specific order)