どのWhich (of three or more), What (kind)

Both どの and その are used before nouns. その refers to something physically or figuratively closer to the listener than the speaker, or something that was just mentioned, similar to the English 'that.' In contrast, どの is a question word used to ask 'which' when there are three or more choices (e.g., どの色が好きですか？ = 'Which color do you like?').

Both どの and あの are used before nouns. あの refers to something far from both the speaker and listener, or something familiar to both but not close, similar to 'that' in English. In contrast, どの is a question word meaning 'which' when there are three or more choices (e.g., どの色が好きですか？ = 'Which color do you like?').

どれ and どの are both question words used to ask 'which' when given the option of three or more choices. The key difference is that, while どれ stands alone and asks about one specific thing or choice (i.e. 'Which one,' or 'Which thing'), どの must always be followed by a noun. For example, どの本 means 'Which book'?

Both どの and この are used before nouns. この refers to something physically or figuratively close to the speaker, similar to 'this' in English (e.g., この色 = 'this color'). In contrast, どの is a question word used to ask 'which' when there are three or more choices (e.g., どの色が好きですか？ = 'Which color do you like?').